Documents published in 2023 : Scipedia

Prospects for improving the efficiency of the system of social contracts in the Russian Federation
A. Abroskin, N. Abroskina

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2023). 143

Abstract
The subject area of the research is issues related to improving the effectiveness of the System of Government Social Assistance on the basis of the Social Contract (GSA SC). The purpose of the research is to construct proposals for development of the GSA SC based on its transformation into an activation-type program with a dominance of activities aimed at stimulating the participation of low-income households in labor activity. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the need to improve the effectiveness of the current system of the Social Contracts in the Russian Federation, improve the methodology used to measure its effectiveness and increase the informativeness of the estimates being developed. The scientific novelty of the research connects with the new approaches developed within the research frameworks to measure the GSA SC economic effects at the households sector level. The methodology and methodological approaches implemented within the research framework were based on taking into account the impact of the GSA SC activities on the development of the household sector economy, in which dynamics measuring a system of indicators developed in the national accounting statistics is used. The main results of the research include: assessments of the GSA SC system current state and the problems of its insufficient effectiveness identified in the analysis; proposals for GSA SC development as an activation type program; the proposed approaches to the construction of estimates for the impact of GSA SC activation version on the basic indicators of the household sector; estimates of GSA SC economic effects. Conclusions and recommendations. In its current form GSA SC only in certain areas is focused on achieving the main goals of the social contract systems - getting out of poverty and forming permanent sources of income. In a number of areas, GSA SC duplicates the activities provided within the other programs of social assistance to the population. Prospects for improving the GSA SC efficiency in the Russian Federation are associated with its transformation into an activation-type program with economic effects provided when the poor are included in production activities.
Abstract
The subject area of the research is issues related to improving the effectiveness of the System of Government Social Assistance on the basis of the Social Contract (GSA SC). [...]
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METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TAKING INTO ACCOUNT NON-MONETARY FACTORS IN MEASURING THE LEVEL OF POVERTY
A. Abroskin, N. Abroskina

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2023). 134

Abstract
The relevance of the research is related to the need of improving the methodology for measuring the population poverty level in the Russian Federation. The purpose of the research is to develop methodological approaches to inclusion of non-monetary components in the system of factors taken into account in the process of estimates construction of population poverty level and its dynamics in the Russian Federation. The tasks to be solved within the framework of the ongoing research include: analysis of existing methodological approaches to measuring the poverty level; identification of problematic aspects of the monetary indicators use in measuring the poverty level; analysis and systematization of promising international measurement experience taking into account non-monetary components; development of proposals for improving the methodology for constructing estimates of the poverty level in Russian statistics. The research was conducted as part of the research work of the 2021 RANEPA state task. During the research, methods of analysis and systematization of existing promising developments in the field of integrated measurements of the level and dynamics of the population poverty level were used. The information basis of the research was promising developments in the methodology of accounting for non-monetary factors in measuring poverty, presented in documents of international organizations UN, IMF, World Bank, OECD and EU, as well as relevant developments implemented in the statistics of individual countries. The specific results of the research include: developed methodological basis for constructing multidimensional estimates of the population poverty level, recommended approaches to taking into account non-monetary components in measuring the poverty level and its dynamics, proposals for taking into account deprivation characteristics in constructing multidimensional estimates of the population poverty level. The main conclusions of the research: the most promising approaches to accounting for non-monetary factors include the development of material deprivation indicators, which can be supplemented with information on indicators of social isolation. The prospects of the research and the directions of further work are related to the development of methodological basis for constructing estimates of the poverty level based on a combination of its monetary and material characteristics.
Abstract
The relevance of the research is related to the need of improving the methodology for measuring the population poverty level in the Russian Federation. The purpose of the [...]
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Assessment of migration potential from different countries of the world to Russia
E. Varshaver, A. Rocheva, N. Ivanova, T. Karabchuk

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2023). 135

Abstract
The paper presents the results of a study conducted with the purpose of assessing various countries of the world in terms of migration potential to Russia, defined as the prospect of the emergence or increase in the volume of migration to Russia as a result of the purposeful efforts of the Russian state and society. The text presents a theoretical model, methodology and calculations of three main indicators: the general migration potential of the country, the migration potential to Russia and the migration potential to Russia, taking into account the population of the respective country. The formulas developed for calculating the migration potential take into account a variety of factors: demographic, geographic, economic, political, etc. For each indicator, calculations were made based on the available statistics for 129 countries. The results of the calculations allow singling out the countries that are most interesting from the point of view of migration potential to Russia – these are, first of all, the countries of Africa and the former USSR. The final part of the text discusses the limitations of the presented study and prospects for further work.
Abstract
The paper presents the results of a study conducted with the purpose of assessing various countries of the world in terms of migration potential to Russia, defined as the [...]
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Key person analysis in persistent topic with online forum
Z. LIN, S. WANG, X. Zhang

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (4), 47

Abstract
The influence of users on online Forum should not be simply determined by the global network topology but rather in the corresponding local network with the user’s active range and semantic relation. Current analysis methods mostly focus on urgent topics while ignoring persistent topics, but persistent topics often have important implications for public opinion analysis. Therefore, this paper explores key person analysis in persistent topics on online Forum based on semantics. First, the interaction data are partitioned into subsets according to month, and the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and filtering strategy are used to identify the topics from each partition. Then, we try to associate one topic with the adjacent time slice, which fulfills the criterion of having high similarity degree. On the basis of such topics, persistent topics are defined that exist for a sufficient number of periods. Following this, the paper provides the commitment function update criteria for the persistent topic social network (PTSN) based on the semantic and the sentiment weighted node position (SWNP) to identify the key person who has the most influence in the field. Finally, the emotional tendency analysis is applied to correct the results. The methods in real data sets validate the effectiveness of these methods.
Abstract
The influence of users on online Forum should not be simply determined by the global network topology but rather in the corresponding local network with the user’s active [...]
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A new sixth-order immersed interface method for solving Poisson equations with straight interfaces
R. Balam, M. Zapata, J. Montalvo-Urquizo

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (4), 48

Abstract
This paper introduces a sixth-order Immersed Interface Method (IIM) for addressing 2D Poisson problems characterized by a discontinuous forcing function with straight interfaces. In the presence of this discontinuity, the problem exhibits a non-smooth solution at the interface that divides the domain into two regions. Here, the IIM is employed to compute the solution on a fixed Cartesian grid. This method integrates necessary jump conditions resulting from the interface into the numerical schemes. In order to achieve a sixth-order method, the proposed approach combines implicit finite differences with the IIM. The proposed scheme is efficient because the matrix arising from discretization remains the same as in the smooth problem, and changes are made to the resulting linear system by introducing new terms on the right side. These supplementary terms account for the discontinuities in the solution and its derivatives, with calculations restricted near the interface. The paper demonstrates the accuracy of the proposed method through various numerical examples.
Abstract
This paper introduces a sixth-order Immersed Interface Method (IIM) for addressing 2D Poisson problems characterized by a discontinuous forcing function with straight interfaces. [...]
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Numerical simulation of bulk superconductor during pulsed field magnetization based on multi-field coupled analysis
Y. Yang, L. Jian

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (4), 50

Abstract
High-temperature bulk superconductors are widely used in various superconducting devices due to their high critical current density, which enables them to trap high magnetic fields. However, the critical current density of bulk superconductors is influenced by magnetic field, temperature and stress, and both increase of stress and temperature can lead to a decrease in the critical current density. And the influence of magnetic field, current, stress are interactional. In this paper, the multi-field coupled analysis is employed to investigate the electromagnetic and mechanical behavior on bulk superconductor during pulsed field magnetization. The simulation results were compared with the present experimental results. The results showed a good agreement between the simulation and experimental results, further validating the reliability of the numerical simulation method. The magnetic field, current, temperature, and stress distribution and variation within the bulk sample during the pulsed magnetization process were calculated and analyzed. Additionally, the influence of the central crack and edge crack in the bulk superconductor was investigated. The results indicate that the region near the crack experiences a variation in current flow direction, resulting in local temperature rise and significant electromagnetic forces. The tip of the crack exhibits stress concentration, leading to a decrease in critical current density. Bulk supercondutor with edge crack case exhibits greater stress concentration compared to those with central crack case. The impact of crack length on maximum stress was analyzed, revealing that as the crack length increases, both the maximum hoop stress and radial stress within the bulk sample rise.
Abstract
High-temperature bulk superconductors are widely used in various superconducting devices due to their high critical current density, which enables them to trap high magnetic [...]
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Finite Element Analysis of Novel Biochar Reinforced Epoxy Resin Composites for Sustainable Applications
I. Mukherjee

J. of Dawn. R. (2023). Vol. 5, 6

Abstract
Greater focus on sustainability across numerous industries has led to an uptick in the demand for increasingly environmentally-friendly materials. Biochar has recently come into the arena as a material that is created from biomass that has undergone pyrolysis. The benefits of this material include inputs easily found in nature (ie. pine wood), high biodegradability, and high relative strength. When combined with epoxy resin, it was hypothesized that this composite would create a stronger, more environmentally-friendly material than either component by itself. Through the use of ABAQUS, a finite element analysis software, representative volume elements (RVEs) were created in order to test several configurations, load magnitudes & types, variations of biochar, and mass percentages to determine the most stress-resistant material. Through analysis of the maximum and minimum von Mises Stress percentages experienced by each RVE, 4 assignable sections of spruce-fir and pine sawdust biochar collectively produced the smallest von Mises Stress percentages, indicating a low likelihood of plastic characteristics after applied stress. Across all RVEs, the median number of assignable sections (4) for biochar had the lowest von Mises Stress percentages, indicating that maintaining elastic properties is best done through a hybrid of epoxy resin and biochar. In terms of the best type of stress, hydrostatic stress gave more favorable results (decreased von Mises percentages). Differences between the reaction force from varying pressures was proportional, indicating similar behavior at different stress values. Future applications include interdisciplinary applications of epoxy resin in green-transportation, green-construction, or crack prevention across other environmentally conscious disciplines.
Abstract
Greater focus on sustainability across numerous industries has led to an uptick in the demand for increasingly environmentally-friendly materials. Biochar has recently come [...]
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THE NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THERMAL CYCLE OF LASER SURFACE HARDENING
J. Pikuła, M. Węglowski, J. Dworak

eccomas2022.

Abstract
Subassemblies of machines and devices must be characterized by appropriate exploitation features, especially in relation to the surface layer of cooperating surfaces. Structure and properties of these layers ensure appropriate resistance to abrasive, corrosive and fatigue wear and determine the operating life and failure-free cooperation of these components. Specific antiwear characteristics of surface layers can be obtained using many different manufacturing techniques. The current techniques include treatment with a concentrated energy beam, e.g. laser beam. The essence of the laser beam surface hardening process is the introduction of a sufficient amount of heat into the workpiece material as a result of the absorption of the laser radiation and the cooling of the surface as a result of heat conduction deep into the material (usually no additional cooling media are used for cooling). A necessary condition is an adequate heat capacity of the workpiece. The hardening process with concentrated energy beams does not require heating of the entire workpiece. The workpieces are only heated in the surface layer. A precisely defined and locally limited heat affected zone means that the amount of heat introduced into the material is very limited. Solving technical problems of surface hardening is often aided by numerical methods, among which the finite element method (FEM) is the most commonly used. In this study, FEM numerical models of the laser hardening process were developed. It was determined the heat capacity of the workpieces sufficient to achieve the required thermal cycle at the workpiece specific locations. It was also determined the influence of the heating path sequence and the time delay between them on the thermal cycles.
Abstract
Subassemblies of machines and devices must be characterized by appropriate exploitation features, especially in relation to the surface layer of cooperating surfaces. Structure [...]
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Seismic response characteristics of a tunnel portal subjected to topographical and geological asymmetsric loading
F. Peng, S. Fang

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (4), 35

Abstract
The tunnel portal is the most seismically vulnerable section of the tunnel against earthquakes. Due to the combined effects of topographic and geological asymmetric loading, the mechanical characteristics of this type of portal are very complex. In this study, a three-dimensional numerical model was developed and calculated to investigate the seismic response characteristics of a tunnel portal subjected to topographic and geological asymmetric loading. The results show that the seismic weakness of the tunnel support structure is located at the tunnel arch shoulders and sidewalls; the time to reach the peak displacement around the tunnel is slightly delayed compared to the slope, and the time to reach the peak displacement shows a phased pattern. Compared to the tunnel structure, the slopes are more prone to landslides and other disasters due to terrain and geological factors under earthquake action. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the seismic and anti-seismic design of tunnel slopes.
Abstract
The tunnel portal is the most seismically vulnerable section of the tunnel against earthquakes. Due to the combined effects of topographic and geological asymmetric loading, [...]
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A Eugenius Way of Anesthesia: The Effects of Different Clove Oil Anesthesia Administration Methods on Earthworm Physiology and Behavior
A. Wolfson, R. Kumar, N. Ma, J. Cohen

J. of Dawn. R. (2023). Vol. 5, 7

Abstract
Clove oil, Eugenia caryophyllata, has been implemented as home therapeutic medicine for its anesthetic effects. The active ingredient, eugenol inhibits voltage gated sodium channels, hence sedating as an anesthetic. Clove oil provides an alternative for synthetic analgesics including morphine. The typical application of clove oil consists of topical application through liquid immersion. In addition to liquid, emulsification gel application allows for another form of controlled penetrative topical drug delivery. Moreover epicutaneous application through microneedles allowed for a non-invasive administrative method of delivering clove oil between the cuticle and epidermis. Earthworms Lumbricus terrestris were the specimens tested due to their complex neurological functionalities. Mobility, convulsions, stimuli response, regeneration, and mortality were evaluated with concentrations of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% with gel/immersion, and additional 0.5% with epicutaneous application. Different components of the experiment were conducted within a time-span of three years. 1% epicutaneous was shown to sedate the stimuli response of earthworms at an extremely fast rate. Furthermore 1% clove oil of all administration methods were the most effective as compared to lower concentrations 0.5% and higher concentrations 2%-3%. None of the administrative methods or concentrations of clove oil application caused limitations in regeneration, convulsive movements, or increased rate in mortality. The limitations of this experiment consist of not consistently regulating the temperature of the medium. Future implications consist of more trials for validation and evaluating vaporization as another potential application. 1% epicutaneous showed an efficient form of sedation without severe behavioral and physiological complications.
Abstract
Clove oil, Eugenia caryophyllata, has been implemented as home therapeutic medicine for its anesthetic effects. The active ingredient, eugenol inhibits voltage gated sodium [...]
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Multi-objective design and optimization of forklift gantry by using multiple surrogate models
L. Liye, Z. Baochang, Y. Lu, Y. Mei, S. Yuan

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (4), 33

Abstract
Forklift is a kind of material handling robot, which is widely used in short-distance handling in the industrial field. However, at present, the structural design of forklifts is generally based on designers' experience, and there are still many problems in domestic forklifts compared with foreign countries. In this paper, the forklift gantry is taken as the research object, and four typical surrogate modeling techniques, namely PRS, KRG, RBF, and SVR models, are used for optimal design and analysis. The study shows that the KRG model has the best performance and RBF model has the worst performance in terms of global and local accuracy. Multi-objective optimization design of the weight and total deformation of the gantry is carried out with the maximum stress of the gantry and I-beam geometry as constraints. Taking the KRG model as an example, the comparison of the results before and after optimization shows that the weight of the I-beam of the forklift gantry is reduced by 11.9% and the maximum total deformation is reduced by 23.2% while satisfying the constraints. Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of the forklift gantry reveals that the height of the I-beam has the greatest impact on the gantry performance.
Abstract
Forklift is a kind of material handling robot, which is widely used in short-distance handling in the industrial field. However, at present, the structural design of forklifts [...]
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Fume Extraction System
F. Pune, . India, S. projects

stratgem projects's personal collection (2023). 4

Abstract
Stratgem is the Leading Fume Extraction System manufacturer, supplier, and exporter in India. We provide various industrial extraction systems. To learn more about Fume extraction systems, Fume gas extraction systems, Smoke Extraction systems, or any other Air Pollution Control system, please contact Stratgem Projects.
Abstract
Stratgem is the Leading Fume Extraction System manufacturer, supplier, and exporter in India. We provide various industrial extraction systems. To learn more about Fume [...]
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An Efficient approach for the Early Prediction of Alzheimer’s Disease through RNFL
C. Sandeep, S. c s

sandeep c s's personal collection (2023). 1

Abstract
Dementia of Alzheimer’s type (DAT), is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly population. Previous clinical and histological studies suggest that the neurodegenerative process, which affects the brain, may also affect the retina of DAT patients, especially the Retinal Nerve fiber Loss (RNFL) layer. Any disease-modifying treatments which are developed are most possibly to be achieving success if initiated early in the process, and this needs that we tend to develop reliable, validated and economical ways to diagnose Alzheimer’s kind brain disease. However, despite comprehensive searches, no single test has shown adequate sensitivity and specificity, and it is possible that a mixture will be required. Profiling of human body parameter using computers can be utilized for the early judgment of Dementia of Alzheimer’s type. There are many imaging techniques utilized in clinical practice for the identification of Alzheimer’s kind pathology. In this paper, extracting the RNFL layer of Retina Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Images for the early diagnosis of DAT has been proposed. For this purpose, we have proposed a method based on Discrete Wavelet Networks (DWNs) for extracting the RNFL layer of Retina OCT images for the classification of Alzheimer’s from normal. This method provides reliable and validated results for OCT images.
Abstract
Dementia of Alzheimer’s type (DAT), is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly population. Previous clinical and [...]
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The Creation of Bio-based Mycelium-Substrate Composite Insulation Using Waste Stream Products
J. Voelker, Z. Rho, A. Huenger, J. Nelson

J. of Dawn. R. (2023). Vol. 5, 4

Abstract
Increases in the world’s population and subsequent urbanization has driven consumption levels of building materials higher. In order to meet this need, and maintain the sustainability of resources, novel, ecofriendly insulation materials must be developed. These types of insulation materials should possess excellent thermal, acoustic and electrical insulating properties. In this study, four bio-based mycelium-substrate composites were developed by creating combinations of two mushroom species (T. versicolor and P. ostreatus) and two different growth substrates derived from waste stream sources (paper and bagasse). To test these mycelium-substrate composites for thermal, acoustic and electrical insulating properties, three low-cost novel testing systems were developed. The test materials included paper, bagasse, T. versicolor-paper composite (TP), T. versicolor-bagasse composite (TB), P. ostreatus-paper composite (PP), and P. ostreatus-bagasse composite (PB). The ability of commercial insulation, TP, PP and PB to reduce heat flow across a temperature gradient over 40 minutes was found to be significantly better, as compared to no insulation, with thermal conductivity values of 0.0407, 0.0461, 0.0356, and 0.0336 W/(mK), respectively. These mycelium-substrate composites performed similarly to commercial insulation. The average percent reductions in sound were 0%, 22.97%, 7.97%, 11.08%, 25.24%, 16.08%, 28.76%, and 32.36% for no insulation, commercial insulation, paper, bagasse, TP, TB, PP and PB respectively. The average amperage for each test material was 0 amps in response to 50 V. These results warrant further investigation of these bio-based mycelium-substrate composites in order to determine their potential applications.
Abstract
Increases in the world’s population and subsequent urbanization has driven consumption levels of building materials higher. In order to meet this need, and maintain [...]
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Do Stress Levels Affect Response Reactions to Background music?
E. Davidoff, D. Kemmett, T. Rawshan

FLHS Science Research (2021). FLHS

Abstract
Music is different sounds put together to create harmonies. Stress is a reaction to an interference that disturbs the functioning of an organism. Although many previous experiments tested the effect of music on stress levels and reactions, the correlations among three factors (perception, processing, and reaction) has not been investigated. The objective of this experiment is to test the effect of stress levels on correlations of three factors within physical response reaction with and without background music. It is hypothesized that participants with high-stress levels would have the fastest response reaction regardless of the type of music they listen to. Each participant was randomly put in one group, each group having different testing sequences. The participants then took a stress test, listened to cheerful, suspenseful, and no music for thirty seconds each, and took a “push the button activity” to test their reaction speed. Participants were divided into different groups according to their stress levels and reaction time under different music conditions was compared. Listening to music worsened participants' reactions, however it had the least influence on low stress participants. The data showed that there is no significant difference in reaction times possibly due to the small sample size. It rejects the hypothesis that high stress levels will have a faster response reaction time regardless of the music they listen to. Participants with high stress levels have a faster reaction time and so do low stress levels. Future work includes specific age requirements and extended time period for data collection.
Abstract
Music is different sounds put together to create harmonies. Stress is a reaction to an interference that disturbs the functioning of an organism. Although many previous experiments [...]
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The Creation of Alternative Soundproofing Using Recyclable Materials
Z. Rho, W. Wesson, A. Huenger

J. of Dawn. R. (2023). Vol. 5, 5

Abstract
In today’s world, the rate of urbanization is increasingly getting faster and faster. Large cities that are heavily populated produce noise that is not only harmful to one’s hearing, but also for concentration and productivity. If constantly exposed to an environment such as the ones existing in heavily populated cities, long-term effects will take place in the health of citizens such as damage to the cochlea membrane, increased progression of hearing loss, and long-term nerve damage within the ear canal. Furthermore, there is an average of 292.4 million tons of waste being produced on average since the year 2018. Approximately 50% of materials being thrown out are materials that can be recycled or repurposed. Using recyclable materials to create an effective yet affordable soundproofing composite would be important from a health, economic and environmental standpoint. Composites created from recyclable materials (foam, cardboard, binder, soundproofing material) were constructed and their soundproofing capabilities were measured using a self-constructed low-cost impedance tube. A bluetooth speaker was used to produce a consistent frequency of sound (400 Hz) for 5 seconds into a composite. A Vernier SoundProbe was utilized to measure the sound after passing through the composite in decibels. The average amplitude (decibels) without any composite was 2.5 while with composite materials (<1.5). Percent reductions were calculated for each material (all reduced more than 15% of sound). The data supported the hypothesis in that the recyclable composites were able to reduce noise levels by 15% or more.
Abstract
In today’s world, the rate of urbanization is increasingly getting faster and faster. Large cities that are heavily populated produce noise that is not only harmful [...]
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Applying 2D numerical model to calculate the scour at the Cua Dai bridge, Quang Nam province
V. Le, T. Nguyen, C. Tran, T. Phương Doan

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (4), 44

Abstract
When the Cua Dai bridge is built across the Thu Bon River, it causes a narrowing of the flow leading to scour, which seriously threatens the pier and endangers the structure. In order to limit the influence of scour the bridge, it is necessary to ensure that the scour under the bridge is within the allowable range. At the same time, it is necessary to take measures to limit and overcome the causes of scour. Therefore, the study and prediction of locations that are likely to cause scour are of great significance in choosing effective and versatile prevention solutions for works on this river section. Most of the scour formulas for bridge use the 1D average velocity to calculate; The calculated results are much different from the real distribution of flow velocity in the river. Therefore, the results of scour calculation often have big deviations from reality, especially when the river cross-section has no flats or curved rivers... The article focuses on researching scour at the bridge pier based on the two-dimensional horizontal velocity in front of the pier by using RIVER 2D model, built from the mathematical model of two horizontal flows and solved by the finite element method. The results of the paper show that the scour depth of pier by the one-dimensional (1D) average velocity gives much larger than when applying the two-dimensional horizontal velocity to calculate the scour.
Abstract
When the Cua Dai bridge is built across the Thu Bon River, it causes a narrowing of the flow leading to scour, which seriously threatens the pier and endangers the structure. [...]
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The Effect of Different Food Sources on Slime Mold Growth and Memory
E. Davidoff, T. Rawshan, D. Kemmett

FLHS Science Research (2023).

Abstract
Physarum polycephalum is a species of slime mold that spends most of its life cycle as a plasmodium, a unicellular multinucleated amoeboid. This species of slime mold is well known for its spatial memory. Oats, quinoa, and barley have a lot of protein and nutrients; therefore, they were used to feed the slime mold. Other studies tested the memory or growth of slime mold. This experiment compared both slime mold growth and memory using oats, quinoa, and barley. It was hypothesized that barley would make the slime mold grow the quickest and largest due to its high protein concentration. Into 3 Petri dishes a culture of slime mold, and each food source was placed. The slime mold was then placed in a shoebox, with graph paper taped to the bottom, to make sure there was minimal lighting. After sections were cut out and placed into the remaining petri dishes with the same food sources it grew in and then placed into a Lego maze with the food sources to track the time of its memory. Barley and oats tied for overall growth after 48-hours, but barley-fed plasmodium grew much faster. It was hypothesized that the maze portion of the experiment, barley fed slime mold, would also complete the maze faster. The hypothesis was not supported. Oat grown slime mold completed the maze the fastest. The slime mold was placed into different mazes and allowed to grow for 48 hours. After 48 hours the hypothesis was concluded to be unsupported.
Abstract
Physarum polycephalum is a species of slime mold that spends most of its life cycle as a plasmodium, a unicellular multinucleated amoeboid. This species of slime mold is well [...]
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The Effect of Different Food Sources on Slime Mold Growth and Memory
T. Rawshan, E. Davidoff

Collection of Articles on Immunology and Microbiology (2023). 1

Abstract
Physarum polycephalum is a species of slime mold that spends most of its life cycle as a plasmodium, a unicellular multinucleated amoeboid. This species of slime mold is well known for its spatial memory. Oats, quinoa, and barley have a lot of protein and nutrients; therefore, they were used to feed the slime mold. Other studies tested the memory or growth of slime mold. This experiment compared both slime mold growth and memory using oats, quinoa, and barley. It was hypothesized that barley would make the slime mold grow the quickest and largest due to its high protein concentration. Into 3 Petri dishes a culture of slime mold, and each food source was placed. The slime mold was then placed in a shoebox, with graph paper taped to the bottom, to make sure there was minimal lighting. After sections were cut out and placed into the remaining petri dishes with the same food sources it grew in and then placed into a Lego maze with the food sources to track the time of its memory. Barley and oats tied for overall growth after 48-hours, but barley-fed plasmodium grew much faster. It was hypothesized that the maze portion of the experiment, barley fed slime mold, would also complete the maze faster. The hypothesis was not supported. Oat grown slime mold completed the maze the fastest. The slime mold was placed into different mazes and allowed to grow for 48 hours. After 48 hours the hypothesis was concluded to be unsupported.
Abstract
Physarum polycephalum is a species of slime mold that spends most of its life cycle as a plasmodium, a unicellular multinucleated amoeboid. This species of slime mold is well [...]
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How were women portrayed in the lyrics of popular early 2000s songs?
T. Rawshan

International Journal of Multidisciplinary Educational Research and Innovation (2023). 13

Abstract
This research aimed to analyze the portrayal of women in popular early 2000s music, focusing on misogynistic stereotypes. A selection of 10 popular songs from the years 2000 to 2009 was analyzed, and operational definitions were used to identify and quantify the presence of stereotypes in the lyrics. Graphs were generated to illustrate the most common stereotypes regarding women in this music. The findings supported past trends and the hypothesis, revealing that women were often depicted in a demeaning, infantilizing manner. The prevalent use of terms like "baby" or "girl" portrayed them as immature, reinforcing gender stereotypes of women being weaker and in need of male guidance and protection. Such infantilization limited opportunities, undermined autonomy, and contributed to a culture of sexism and misogyny. Furthermore, popular early 2000s music frequently sexualized women, reducing them to physical objects and perpetuating harmful gender norms. Comparing the research to prior studies on hip-hop and rap music, it was evident that popular early 2000s music also dehumanized and degraded women through stereotypes. However, unlike hip-hop and rap, this genre did not exhibit the same level of violence in its lyrics. This research highlights the negative portrayal of women in popular early 2000s music and emphasizes the potential impact on societal attitudes, particularly on the millennial generation and Generation Alpha. Addressing these issues is essential for promoting gender equality and challenging harmful stereotypes in popular music and beyond. Further research could explore changes in stereotypes over time by analyzing music from later decades and different genres.
Abstract
This research aimed to analyze the portrayal of women in popular early 2000s music, focusing on misogynistic stereotypes. A selection of 10 popular songs from the years 2000 [...]
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CNN-based multi-object tracking networks with position correction and IMM in intelligent transportation system
C. Ren, G. Zhang, D. Jeong, L. Hao

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (4), 45

Abstract
'''In multi-object tracking of Intelligent Transportation System, there are objects of different sizes in images or videos, especially pedestrian and traffic lights with low resolution in the image. Meantime, objects are subject to occlusion or loss in object tracking. All of the above-mentioned situations may lead to unsatisfactory multi-object tracking results. Attracted by the effect of deep convolution neural networks, the paper proposes a multi-object tracking network, CNN-Based Multi-Object Tracking Networks with Position Correction and IMM (CNN_PC_IMM) to solve those problems. Our proposed method consists of object detection module and object tracking module. Compared to other networks, our proposed network has several main contributions that play an essential role in achieving state-of-the-art object tracking performance. In the detection phase, the feature fusion technique is used. We add a scale branch to the YOLOv3 network to increase the accuracy of small object prediction and import a residual structure to enhance gradient propagation and avoid gradient disappearance and explosion for the whole network. In addition, we determine the size of the anchor box based on the size of the object in the dataset to better detect and track the objects. In the tracking phase, IMM is used to calculate the motion state information of the object at a certain moment. Next, the optimization algorithm is proposed to fine-tune object position when the tracking object is occluded due to dense multi-object in traffic scenes or lost due to incomplete object information. Finally, experimental results and analysis are performed on the MOT16 benchmark dataset with several popular tracking algorithms used to compare the performance with the proposed algorithm in the paper. It is demonstrated that the proposed network has better performance on MOPA, MOTP, ML.
Abstract
'''In multi-object tracking of Intelligent Transportation System, there are objects of different sizes in images or videos, especially pedestrian and traffic lights [...]
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Numerical simulation on free motion response of a submarine induced by internal solitary wave
P. Sun, H. Li, K. Xianbiao

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (4), 34

Abstract
The internal solitary waves (ISWs) in the ocean carry huge energy and pose a serious threat to the safety of underwater vehicle. In order to obtain the dynamic response of the submarine under the action of ISWs, the amplified SUBOFF model was placed in a large numerical water tank with 5000×200×500 m dimension in which the water depth was 500 m. The Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) theory was adopted to simulate the generation of ISWs in the two-layer flow, and overset grid technology was used to ensure the grid quality during the submarine movement. The results show that before the ISWs peak reaches the position of the submarine, the submarine will move, which causes the submarine to sink, move laterally and pitch. The longitudinal velocity is obviously greater than the lateral velocity, and the submarine finally hits the water tank bottom. With the increase of the ISWs amplitude, the time needed for submarine to reach the bottom increases, and the pitching angle increases greatly. The ISWs amplitude has no effect on the motion trajectory of the submarine's center of gravity, and has little effect on the lateral and longitudinal velocity. With the decrease of submergence depth of the submarine, the time required for submarine to reach the bottom will also increase, and the motion trajectory will change, but the trend of change is basically the same. The submergence depth has little influence on the variation range of lateral velocity, longitudinal velocity and pitching angle. '''Key words:''' internal solitary waves, submarine, dynamic response, numerical simulation
Abstract
The internal solitary waves (ISWs) in the ocean carry huge energy and pose a serious threat to the safety of underwater vehicle. In order to obtain the dynamic response of [...]
- 22
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A posteriori error estimation for second-order optimally convergent G/XFEM
M. Bento, S. Proença, C. Duarte

admos2023.

Abstract
This work presents a ZZ-BD a posteriori error estimator tailored for 3-D linear elastic fracture mechanics problems that are approximated by second-order pFEM-GFEM formulations. The proposed error estimator is shown to estimate well discretization errors in the energy norm, with the estimated discretization error converging at the same rate as the exact discretization error. Also, the computed effectivity indexes are close to the optimal value of 1 for a LEFM problem that exhibits 3-D effects.
Abstract
This work presents a ZZ-BD a posteriori error estimator tailored for 3-D linear elastic fracture mechanics problems that are approximated by second-order pFEM-GFEM formulations. [...]
- 3
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A new semi-analytical solution of compound KdV-Burgers equation of fractional order
Z. Alqahtani, A. Hagag

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (4), 38

Abstract
This article introduces and illustrates a novel approximation to the compound KdV-Burgers equation. For such a challenge, the q-homotopy analysis transform technique (q-HATM) is a potent approach. The suggested procedure avoids the complexity seen in many other methods and provides an approximation that is extremely near to the exact solution. The uniqueness theorem and convergence analysis of the expected problem are explored with the aid of Banach's fixed-point theory. Through a difference in the fractional derivative, the normal frequency for the fractional solution to this issue changes. All of the discovered solutions are illustrated in the figures and tables.
Abstract
This article introduces and illustrates a novel approximation to the compound KdV-Burgers equation. For such a challenge, the q-homotopy analysis transform technique (q-HATM) [...]
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Small Arms Market Revenue Share, Growth Factors, Trends, Analysis & Forecast, 2021–2028
A. Patil

Collection of Articles on Business, Management and Accounting (2023). 1

Abstract
The Global Small Arms market drivers and restraints Market Research Report published by Emergen Research is furnished with the latest information about product specifications and portfolio, technological advancement, product type, and manufacturing. Major factors such as revenue, costs, and gross margin are taken into consideration while formulating this report. The report provides extensive data concerning the key market players along with their SWOT analysis, financial standing, technological and product development, and recent strategic business expansion plans. Furthermore, the report is attuned with the latest market changes and economic landscape with regard to the currently unfolding COVID-19 pandemic. The crisis has affected the demand and supply pattern, as well as the trends of the industry. It has also brought an economic slowdown that has affected the business of the key manufacturers of the industry. The report estimates the impact of this crisis on the current scenario and future prospects and provides a post-COVID market scenario. The global Small Arms market size is expected to reach USD 10.32 Billion at a steady CAGR of 2.3% in 2028, according to latest analysis by Emergen Research. Rise in terrorist activities and increase in cross-border security are some key factors driving market revenue growth. Increasing need for deployment of military personnel at military bases and sensitive locations and infrastructure and international borders and rising focus on modernization of weapons and ammunition are other key factors fueling growth of the global small arms market. Get a sample of the report @ https://www.emergenresearch.com/request-sample/225 The study further assesses the regional market as well as the international market to garner an insight into the scope of the market. The report also offers estimations and predictions about the market segment and sub-segments exhibiting promising growth in the forecast timeline. The report also provides deeper insights into the technological advancements, industrial landscape, and emerging product and technological developments in the Small Arms market. It offers fruitful insights into the business sphere to help businesses capitalize on the lucrative growth opportunities. Key Players Profiled in the Report are: Smith & Wesson, Israel Weapons Industry, Kalashnikov Group, Colt’s Manufacturing LLC, Sturm, Ruger & Co., Inc., GLOCK Ges.m.b.H, Lockheed Martin Corporation, Raytheon, General Dynamics Corporation, and Carl Walther GmbH The report, additionally, offers a comprehensive SWOT analysis and Porter’s Five Forces analysis to offer a better understanding of the competitive landscape of the industry. It also covers strategies adopted by prominent players such as mergers and acquisitions, collaborations, joint ventures, product launches, and brand promotions, among others. The report aims to offer the readers a holistic understanding of the relevant features of the industry. To know more about the report visit @ https://www.emergenresearch.com/industry-report/small-arms-market Analysis of the segments and their growth projection is carried out by extensive historical and current analysis of the market scenario. Further, the report offers details about the factors and features of the Small Arms market expected to boost the growth of the industry in the coming years. Small Arms Market Segmentation: Type Outlook (Revenue, USD Billion; 2018–2028) Revolver Pistol Shotgun Rifles Machine Gun Others Caliber Outlook (Revenue, USD Billion; 2018–2028) 9 mm 56 mm 62 mm 7 mm 5 mm Others Technology Outlook (Revenue, USD Billion; 2018–2028) Guided Unguided Key Questions Answered in the Report: What is the growth rate of the Small Arms market? What is the anticipated market valuation of Small Arms industry by 2027? What are the key growth driving and restraining factors of the Small Arms market? Who are the prominent players operating in the market? What are the key strategies adopted by these companies? What are the key opportunities and growth prospects of the Small Arms industry over the forecast period? Which region is expected to show significant growth in the coming years? Request customization of the report @ https://www.emergenresearch.com/request-for-customization/225 Thank you for reading our report. Please get in touch with us if you have any query regarding the report or its customization. Our team will ensure the report is best suited to your needs. Take a Look at Our Reports: Neuroendoscopy Market https://www.emergenresearch.com/industry-report/neuroendoscopy-market Elastography Imaging Market https://www.emergenresearch.com/industry-report/elastography-imaging-market Over The Counter Tests Market https://www.emergenresearch.com/industry-report/over-the-counter-tests-market Veterinary Rapid Test Market https://www.emergenresearch.com/industry-report/veterinary-rapid-test-market Digital Identity Solutions Market https://www.emergenresearch.com/industry-report/digital-identity-solutions-market Nuclear Imaging Equipment Market https://www.emergenresearch.com/industry-report/nuclear-imaging-equipment-market Veterinary Reference Laboratory Market https://www.emergenresearch.com/industry-report/veterinary-reference-laboratory-market Aircraft Mounts Market https://www.emergenresearch.com/industry-report/aircraft-mounts-market Smart Packaging Market https://www.emergenresearch.com/industry-report/smart-packaging-market Aircraft Lighting Market https://www.emergenresearch.com/industry-report/aircraft-lighting-market Cybersecurity Insurance Market https://www.emergenresearch.com/industry-report/cybersecurity-insurance-market Internet of Things in Aviation Market https://www.emergenresearch.com/industry-report/internet-of-things-in-aviation-market About Us: Emergen Research is a market research and consulting company that provides syndicated research reports, customized research reports, and consulting services. Our solutions purely focus on your purpose to locate, target, and analyse consumer behavior shifts across demographics, across industries, and help clients make smarter business decisions. We offer market intelligence studies ensuring relevant and fact-based research across multiple industries, including Healthcare, Touch Points, Chemicals, Types, and Energy. Contact Us: Eric Lee Corporate Sales Specialist Emergen Research Direct Line: +1 (604) 757-9756 E-mail: sales@emergenresearch.com Visit for More Insights: https://www.emergenresearch.com/insights
Abstract
The Global Small Arms market drivers and restraints Market Research Report published by Emergen Research is furnished with the latest information about product specifications [...]
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Silo Discharge System
S. projects

stratgem projects's personal collection (2023). 3

Abstract
Silo Discharge System Silo Discharge System Operation: Step-by-Step Process and Workflow. In a silo discharge system, silos serve as essential storage solutions for a wide range of industries, including food, plastics, paint, cement, steel, and pharmaceuticals. These versatile storage facilities play a crucial role in maintaining uninterrupted production amidst disruptions in the supply chain. By accommodating large quantities of bulk powders, silos effectively handle the demands of production lines, surpassing the limitations of manual handling alone. Moreover, the operation of silos remains impeccable, boasting a clean and dust-free environment that eliminates any human contact with the product. In the silo discharge system, the filling process of these silos depends on the availability of raw materials, which can be done using bulk tankers by way of bulk tanker unloading systems or pneumatic conveying systems. To ensure efficient discharge, each silo is equipped with various live bottom arrangements, such as bin activators, fluidizing cones, and unloading valves. These components work harmoniously to enable the consistent and controlled discharge of different materials, facilitating effective inventory management and control. As a result, the plant operation becomes more flexible and benefits from improved material supply chain management. Components of the Silo Discharge System Conveyor System: The conveyor system plays a vital role in transferring material from the silo to the desired destination. It consists of belts, buckets, or screw conveyors that move the material efficiently and safely. The type of conveyor system used depends on the characteristics of the stored material and the distance it needs to be transported. Silo Discharge Equipment: This includes various devices and mechanisms responsible for facilitating the flow of material from the silo. Discharge Gates and Valves: These are openings located at the bottom of the silo that can be manually or automatically controlled to regulate the material flow. They provide a controlled discharge of materials into the conveyor system. Fluidizers and aerators: These are devices attached to the silo walls that use compressed air to agitate and fluidize the stored material, ensuring smooth flow and preventing bridging or clogging issues. Rotary Dischargers: Also known as rotary valves, these devices consist of rotating blades that break up and disperse the material as it moves through them. Rotary dischargers are commonly used for fine or granular materials. Vibrators: Vibrators are installed on the walls of the silo to eliminate material buildup and promote material flow. They use mechanical vibrations to loosen and dislodge materials that may be sticking to the silo walls. Control System: An efficient control system is essential for smooth operation and proper coordination of the silo discharge system. It includes sensors, level indicators, and automated controls that monitor material levels, flow rates, and other critical parameters. This ensures optimal performance, prevents overflows or blockages, and maintains the desired flow rate. Operation of a Silo Discharge System: The operation of a silo discharge system generally involves the following steps: Material Loading: Bulk materials are loaded into the silo through an inlet point, either manually or through automated systems such as conveyors, bulk tanker unloading systems or pneumatic transfer systems. Material Storage: Once inside the silo, the material is stored in a controlled environment, protecting it from external elements such as moisture, pests, or contamination. The stored material settles, and if necessary, it can be conditioned or aerated to maintain its quality. Material Discharge: When the need arises to retrieve the stored material, the discharge system is activated. The discharge gates/valves are opened, allowing the material to flow into the conveyor system. Material Transportation: The conveyor system, driven by motors or other power sources, transfers the material from the silo to the desired destination, such as trucks, trains, or processing equipment. Monitoring and Control: Throughout the entire operation, the control system continuously monitors various parameters like material levels, flow rates, and any potential issues. It provides feedback to the operators and adjusts the system's parameters to maintain optimal performance. Safety Measures: Silo discharge systems are designed with safety in mind. They incorporate safety devices such as emergency shut-off switches, alarms, and pressure relief systems to prevent accidents or equipment damage. By implementing an efficient silo discharge system, industries can streamline their operations, minimize downtime, and ensure a constant and reliable supply of materials. At Stratgem, we specialize in designing and implementing advanced silo bulk storage systems and Silo discharge systems tailored to your specific needs. With our expertise and high-quality equipment, we can help you optimize your material handling processes and enhance productivity. Contact us today to learn more about our services and how we can assist you in achieving efficient, reliable storage & discharge of bulk materials.
Abstract
Silo Discharge System Silo Discharge System Operation: Step-by-Step Process and Workflow. In a silo discharge system, silos serve as essential storage solutions [...]
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Digital Twins as an enabling technology for disruptive improvement of computational methods in marine engineering.
T. Kvamsdal

marine2023.
- 2
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The physical models: an embarrassment to viscous naval hydrodynamics
M. Visonneau

marine2023.
- 3
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IA: Finding patterns in a stochastic marine world
R. Molina

marine2023.
- 3
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Numerical Modeling to Advance Offshore Wind Energy Technology
J. Jonkman

marine2023.
- 8
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Simulation study of impact dynamics during LNG transportation
B. Liu

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (4), 41

Abstract
In this study, the Fluent software is utilized to simulate the lateral impact force on a tank during liquid sloshing when the tank is subjected to turns under varying steering accelerations and filling rates. It is observed that at a steering acceleration of 0.5g, the overall force vector pointing in the lateral direction of the tank body significantly increases the likelihood of tipping. A clear trend arises when steering acceleration is held constant; as filling rates range from 0.6 to 0.85, lateral impact forces due to tank liquid sloshing progressively increase with rising filling rates, whereas a decrease in force occurs between filling rates of 0.85-0.9. This analysis reveals that tanker truck safety is relatively high during turning maneuvers when the filling rate is between 0.85 and 0.9 and the steering acceleration is in the range of 0.1-0.4g.
Abstract
In this study, the Fluent software is utilized to simulate the lateral impact force on a tank during liquid sloshing when the tank is subjected to turns under varying steering [...]
- 19
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The Ultimate Guide to Pairing Belgian Beer with Delicious Cuisine at a Belgian Beer Café
B. Cafe, P. sinha

poonam sinha's personal collection (2023). 2

Abstract
If you are a beer lover visiting Dubai, you should try the Saturday brunch and bistro bar experiences at a Belgian beer café.
- 3
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Modelling and simulation of multiscale particulate flows using physics-informed data-driven methods. Applications in naval and marine engineering
E. Oñate

marine2023.
- 3
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Mooring systems for Marine Renewable Energy
K. Sharman

marine2023.
- 2
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Analysis of the influence of uneven settlement on the existing shield tunnel lining
Z. Xiao, H. Zhou, J. Wang

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (4), 36

Abstract
The transverse deformation of the tunnel under various loads is unavoidable with the long-term operation of the subway, and the problem of uneven settlement is gradually highlighted. A three-dimensional of tunnel lining model is established in ABAQUS to simulate the uneven settlement and transverse deformation on the safety performance, in which the deformation, internal force, and damage are further analyzed. Based on the simulation, safe settlement values for the shield tunnel with different level of existing transverse deformations (L) are suggested. Because the internal force and damage are not only related to the settlement value (∆) but also to the length of the tunnel where the settlement occurs, the ratio of the settlement value (∆) to the corresponding length (L) of the shield tunnel ∆/L which is called the uneven settlement coefficient is proposed as an index. The uneven settlement coefficient ∆/L is given for different transverse deformations to extend the applicability of the safe settlement values, which provides theoretical support for on-site monitoring and tunnel maintenance to some extent.
Abstract
The transverse deformation of the tunnel under various loads is unavoidable with the long-term operation of the subway, and the problem of uneven settlement is gradually [...]
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A numerical framework for modelling tire mechanics accounting for composite materials, large strains and frictional contact
A. Cornejo Velázquez, V. Mataix, P. Wriggers, L. Barbu, E. Oñate

Computational Mechanics (2024). Vol. 73(1), pp. 1-25

Abstract
We present a general framework for the analysis and modelling of frictional contact involving composite materials. The study has focused on composite materials formed by a matrix of rubber and synthetic or metallic fibres, which is the case of standard tires. We detail the numerical treatment of incompressibility at large deformations that rubber can experience, as well as the stiffening effect that properly oriented fibres will induce within the rubber. To solve the frictional contact between solids, a Dual Augmented Lagrangian Multiplier Method is used together with the Mortar method. This ensures a variationally consistent estimation of the contact forces. A modified Serial-Parallel Rule of Mixtures is employed to model the behaviour of composite materials. This is a simple and novel methodology that allows the blending of constitutive behaviours as diverse as rubber (very low stiffness and incompressible behaviour) and steel (high stiffness and compressible behaviour) taking into account the orientation of the fibres within the material. The locking due to the incompressibility constraint in the rubber material has been overcome by using Total Lagrangian mixed displacement-pressure elements. A collection of numerical examples is provided to show the accuracy and consistency of the methodology presented when solving frictional contact, incompressibility and composite materials under finite strains.
Abstract
We present a general framework for the analysis and modelling of frictional contact involving composite materials. The study has focused on composite materials formed by a [...]
- 2
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Dataset of the temperature rise during granular flows in a rotating drum
R. Rangel, F. Kisuka, C. Hare, V. Vivacqua, A. Franci, E. Oñate, C. Wu

Data in Brief (2023). Vol. 48, Art. 109282

Abstract
This paper provides experimental data on the temperature rise during granular flows in a small-scale rotating drum due to heat generation. All heat is believed to be generated by conversion of some mechanical energy, through mechanisms such as friction and collisions between particles and between particles and walls. Particles of different material types were used, while multiple rotation speeds were considered, and the drum was filled with different amounts of particles. The temperature of the granular materials inside the rotating drum was monitored using a thermal camera. The temperature increases at specific times of each experiment are presented in form of tables, along with the average and standard deviation of the repetitions of each setup configuration. The data can be used as a reference to set the operating conditions of rotating drums, in addition to calibrating numerical models and validating computer simulations.
Abstract
This paper provides experimental data on the temperature rise during granular flows in a small-scale rotating drum due to heat generation. All heat is believed to be generated [...]
- 3
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Experimental investigation of heat generation during granular flow in a rotating drum using infrared thermography
R. Rangel, F. Kisuka, C. Hare, V. Vivacqua, A. Franci, E. Oñate, C. Wu

Powder Technology (2023). Vol. 426, Art. 118619

Abstract
Granular flow is common in many industrial applications, and involves heat generation from frictional contacts and inelastic collisions between particles. The self-heating process is still poorly understood despite being intrinsic to many processes. This work, for the first time, explores this problem experimentally by quantifying the temperature rise of granular flows in a rotating drum with a robust methodology based on infrared thermography. Particles of four different materials (lead, steel, plastic and glass) are used in the experiments, at various rotation speeds and drum fill ratios. To assess the mechanical behaviour, the flow regime of every experiment was determined. It was inferred that particles with higher density tend to generate more heat. It was also revealed that increasing the rotation speed favours the temperature rise. At the same time, the fill ratio had the least influence on the thermal response of the particulate systems considered.
Abstract
Granular flow is common in many industrial applications, and involves heat generation from frictional contacts and inelastic collisions between particles. The self-heating [...]
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Enhanced semi-explicit particle finite element method via a modified Strang splitting operator for incompressible flows
J. Marti, E. Oñate

Computational Particle Mechanics (2023). Published Online

Abstract
This work presents an enhanced version of the semi-explicit particle finite element method for incompressible flow problems. This goal is achieved by improving the methodology that results from applying the Strang splitting operator by adding an acceleration term. The advective step is evaluated on the mesh considering the new term leading to a more efficient algorithm. Two test cases are solved for validating the methodology and estimating its accuracy. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed scheme improves the accuracy and the computational efficiency of the semi-explicit PFEM scheme.
Abstract
This work presents an enhanced version of the semi-explicit particle finite element method for incompressible flow problems. This goal is achieved by improving the methodology [...]
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A prototype of a micro-scale model for the distribution of NO2 in urban areas
I. Pouplana, S. Latorre, M. Maso, C. Alonso, E. Pérez, X. Guinart, I. Hernández, X. Baulies, E. Oñate

Atmospheric Pollution Research (2023). Vol. 14 (2), 101668

Abstract
We present a new 2.5D model for predicting the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at street level in an urban area. This work develops the first prototype of a tool that should provide fast quantitative answers to help decision-making on the suitability of implementing traffic restrictions during air pollution episodes. The model first solves the wind flow over the city streets ignoring vorticity and turbulence. The obtained velocity field is used to transport the pollutant via a semi-Lagrangian model, combining the particle finite element method of second generation (PFEM2) with the finite element method. A variable absorption term is used to account for the part of the contaminant entering and leaving the calculation plane. The NO2 emissions are estimated from the historical traffic data. The model has been tested during four air pollution episodes in the city of Barcelona (Spain), two in summer and two in winter. A comparison against experimental measurements has been performed at seven different locations throughout the city with promising results.
Abstract
We present a new 2.5D model for predicting the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at street level in an urban area. This work develops the first prototype of a tool that [...]
- 2
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Assessment of simplified momentum equations for free surface flows through rigid porous media
W. Düsterhöft-Wriggers, A. LARESE, E. Oñate, R. Thomas

Experimental and Computational Multiphase Flow (2023). Vol. 5, pp. 159–177

Abstract
In many applications, free surface flow through rigid porous media has to be modeled. Examples refer to coastal engineering applications as well as geotechnical or biomedical applications. Albeit the frequent applications, slight inconsistencies in the formulation of the governing equations can be found in the literature. The main goal of this paper is to identify these differences and provide a quantitative assessment of different approaches. Following a review of the different formulations, simulation results obtained from three alternative formulations are compared with experimental and numerical data. Results obtained by 2D and 3D test cases indicate that the predictive differences returned by the different formulations remain small for most applications, in particular for small porous Reynolds number ReP < 5000. Thus it seems justified to select a simplified formulation that supports an efficient algorithm and coding structure in a computational fluid dynamics environment. An estimated accuracy depending on the porous Reynolds number or the mean grain diameter is given for the simplified formulation.
Abstract
In many applications, free surface flow through rigid porous media has to be modeled. Examples refer to coastal engineering applications as well as geotechnical or biomedical [...]
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Development and coupling of numerical techniques for modeling micromechanical discrete and continuous media using real particle morphologies
R. Valera, J. Irazábal González, M. Junior, M. Muniz, M. Castro, R. Martínez, J. Pena, L. Moreno, C. Recarey, E. Oñate

Computational Particle Mechanics (2023). Vol.10 (1), pp. 121-141

Abstract
The main objective of this research is to formulate and couple technologies for modeling discrete and continuous media using real particle morphologies. To that end, two coupled formulations based on virtual modeling technologies of single real particles with another one called real particle packing technique are presented. The first formulation employs Fourier descriptors’ theory to virtually achieve the morphology and construct a repository of real particle geometries. The second formulation is a particle packing method, supported by advancing front techniques combined with dynamic methods. This method presents a stochastic formulation and allows the packing of particle systems following continuous, discrete and empirical statistical distributions. The coupling of both techniques is a very efficient tool to achieve discrete or continuous media geometries to solve engineering problems. Three different examples are developed to illustrate the usefulness of the formulations. The first one is a discrete angle-of-repose problem involving clusters of spheres (real particle morphologies are described with groups of spheres); in the second example the same angle-of-repose problem is resolved with real particles. In the third case, which involves continuous medium mechanics, a small-scale road engineering problem is modeled, specifically, the testing of an asphalt concrete.
Abstract
The main objective of this research is to formulate and couple technologies for modeling discrete and continuous media using real particle morphologies. To that end, two coupled [...]
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High-Order Mesh Generation and Warping for Biomedical Simulations
S. Shontz

admos2023.

Abstract
There are numerous challenges in generating high-quality meshes of cardiac anatomies due to the complex geometry of the heart, its curvature, and its motion. More generally, computational modeling of anatomical models bounded by curved surfaces can benefit from the use of high-order curved meshes. Using such meshes ensures that the curvature is captured correctly in the corresponding mesh. In addition, for a fixed level of accuracy, pairing a high-order mesh with a high-order PDE solver requires fewer mesh elements hence making the mesh generation and PDE solve much less computationally expensive. The use of high-order meshes in dynamic simulations helps prevent instabilities. In this talk, we first present our advancing front-based high-order tetrahedral mesh generation method for finite element meshes. While most existing high-order mesh generation methods employ a computer-aided design (CAD) model to represent the boundary surface, our method requires only the element vertices and connectivities. Thus, it can employ a high-order surface mesh which was generated from medical image segmentation masks or a CAD model. Our method then directly generates a high-order volume mesh and applies mesh optimization to utilize the higher degrees of freedom and further improve the mesh quality. Second, we present our high-order mesh warping algorithm for tetrahedral meshes, which allows us to perform time-dependent deformations present in biomedical applications. Our method is based on a finite element formulation for hyperelastic materials. We employ the two-parameter incompressible Mooney-Rivlin model with appropriate material properties to represent the continuum model. We use Newton iteration to solve the nonlinear elasticity equations obtained from the Mooney-Rivlin model and equilibrium conditions; the solution to the nonlinear elasticity equations then yields the deformed mesh. Finally, we use our methods to generate several second-order tetrahedral meshes of anatomical models obtained from medical images and CAD models and apply several time-dependent deformations. We conclude with a vision for research in mesh generation for biomedical simulation. This talk represents joint work with Fariba Mohammadi, University of Michigan, and Cristian Linte, Rochester Institute of Technology
Abstract
There are numerous challenges in generating high-quality meshes of cardiac anatomies due to the complex geometry of the heart, its curvature, and its motion. More generally, [...]
- 12
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Adaptive multilevel Monte Carlo for risk averse optimization
F. Nobile

admos2023.
- 4
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Thermomechanical behaviour of silty sandy clays: An experimental and numerical investigation
C. Paper, . July, S. Tourchi

Abstract
This paper is devoted to the experimental and numerical investigation of the effect of temperature on the volumetric behaviour of silty sandy clay. A temperature-controlled oedometer is developed to study thermally induced volume change. In this system, an electrical ring heater is placed around the conventional oedometer cell, which accommodates the sample. A very low temperature increase rate was achieved by the thermal controller unit to ensure reasonable saturation durations. The interpretation of the test is assisted by the performance of a numerical analysis based on a coupled formulation incorporating the relevant THM phenomena. Heating and cooling at constant isotropic stress show that the thermal volumetric behaviour of clay samples depends on various factors, such as recent stress history prior to the heating and cooling test. The performance and analysis of the thermal consolidation tests have significantly enhanced the understanding of the thermal volumetric behaviour of tested clay and have proved the capability of the numerical formulation to provide adequate modelling capacity.
Abstract
This paper is devoted to the experimental and numerical investigation of the effect of temperature on the volumetric behaviour of silty sandy clay. A temperature-controlled [...]
- 1
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Modelling and Simulating Cities with Digital Twins
A. Logg

admos2023.
- 4
- read
Contact stresses and bending stresses analysis of curvilinear cylindrical gears generated by a face-milling cutter with parabolic profile
Z. Xuegang, H. Xiaobin, G. Bin

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (3), 30

Abstract
Curvilinear cylindrical gear drives are a type of parallel-axis gear set, and the longitudinal geometrical shape of the gear teeth is a part of the circular arc. This study aims to develop a curvilinear cylindrical gear drive with superior transmission performance. This study proposes a curvilinear cylindrical gear drive with a parabolic profile. The gear tooth surfaces are generated by a face-milling cutter with a straight-line profile, and the matching gear tooth surfaces are generated by a face-milling cutter with the parabolic profile. Initially, mathematical models of the gear set are described based on the theory of gearing. The finite element method and tooth contact analysis algorithms were applied to contact and bending stress analyses. Finally, four numerical examples are provided to illustrate the transmission performance of the curvilinear cylindrical gear drive with the parabolic profile. The study results show that curvilinear cylindrical gear drives have superior transmission performance compared to those with a straight-line profile.
Abstract
Curvilinear cylindrical gear drives are a type of parallel-axis gear set, and the longitudinal geometrical shape of the gear teeth is a part of the circular arc. This study [...]
- 36
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Seakeeping analysis of dead ship condition in fishing ships based on Artificial Neural Networks
P. Romero-Tello, B. Serván-Camas, J. Gutiérrez Romero, J. Piazzese

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (4), 37

Abstract
In the operation of ships, assessing seakeeping performance is crucial. Historically, this has been done through experimentation in towing tank basins or numerical computations. However, with the rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and increased computational resources, there are many opportunities to use AI in predicting seakeeping performance. This research will utilize a pre-trained Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to evaluate the behaviour of fishing vessels in various operational scenarios. One of the key advantages of using these algorithms is the ability to predict a large number of scenarios quickly, compared to traditional methods. By analysing millions of variations in the principal dimensions of a fishing ship and different sea states, the study aims to identify the optimal seakeeping performance in challenging conditions, ultimately improving ship safety by examining principal form coefficients and dimensions. The research will also determine significant conclusions.
Abstract
In the operation of ships, assessing seakeeping performance is crucial. Historically, this has been done through experimentation in towing tank basins or numerical computations. [...]
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Serbian Natural Gas Sector in a Gap Between East and West: ChatGPT Decision Support
D. Brkić

Dejan Brkić's personal collection (2023). 2

Abstract
This article should examine ideas of how a chatbot can support decision making processes by collecting general opinion about the certain topics. The ChatGPT is tested in this article in respect of natural gas security of supply of the Republic of Serbia in the context of the current political situation in the world. The author first describes its own stance on the topic and then the ChatGPT is asked for its opinion (which most probably collects and compiles phrases from English speaking sources to build a text in a smart way). The topic is ort only about security of gas supply of Serbia but also political and highly sensitive, so it is examined if the ChatGPT can be useful tool to reach a balance between less on more favorable options in the process of policy making.
Abstract
This article should examine ideas of how a chatbot can support decision making processes by collecting general opinion about the certain topics. The ChatGPT is tested in this [...]
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REDISTRIBUTION OF TAX REVENUES BETWEEN THE LEVELS OF THE BUDGET SYSTEM IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Y. Arlashkin, N. Barbashova, A. Deryugin, A. Komarnitskaya

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2023). 122

Abstract
The subject of the study is the distribution of tax revenues between the levels of the budget system in the Russian Federation. The relevance of the study is caused by the need to strengthen the vertical balance of the budget system through tax decentralization in the context of the restructuring of the Russian economy. The aim of the study is to find parameters of tax decentralization that do not worsen the horizontal balance of regional budgets. The research method is the modeling of tax revenues of the consolidated regional budgets. The study used data from the Federal Treasury, the Federal Tax Service and the Ministry of Finance of Russia for 2019–2021. The scientific novelty of the study consists in modeling the effects of tax decentralization on the level of differentiation of regional tax revenues using the latest available data. As a result of the study, it was shown that an increase in regional shares for personal income tax, some components of the MET, water tax and fees for the use of aquatic biological objects up to 100 % will not lead to an increase in inter-regional differentiation of per capita tax revenues. The conclusion of the study is that there is a potential for tax decentralization in Russia, which can be realized by redistributing tax revenues to the regional level without worsening the horizontal budget balance. The prospects of the study are to take into account the effects of the structural transformation of the economy on the territorial distribution of tax bases and the level of taxation, as well as to detail the calculations of the MET as new data are accumulated.
Abstract
The subject of the study is the distribution of tax revenues between the levels of the budget system in the Russian Federation. The relevance of the study is caused by the [...]
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«COGNITIVE MECHANISMS OF MENTAL MODELS FUNCTIONING WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF NAIVE THEORIES»
N. Yachmeneva

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2023). 123

Abstract
Subject Academic dishonesty (fraud) Goal To develop a plan to modify and adapt a version of a questionnaire to measure the propensity for planned academic dishonesty in students based on planned behavior theory. Relevance Statistics on the scale of dishonesty and fraud in higher education are of concern to many countries, including Russia. Academic fraud leads to a number of negative consequences not only in the form of reduced efficiency and quality of education, but also the implementation of dishonest behavior in the workplace after graduation. Scientific novelty The paper will present a plan for adapting the first Russian-language methodology that measures the components of Planned Behavior Theory that predict the propensity for planned academic fraud. Methods Literature analysis. Results Based on the literature analysis, the problem, goal, objectives were defined, reasonable hypotheses were put forward, and practical relevance was spelled out. Conclusions An empirical research design for adapting a questionnaire to measure the propensity to engage in planned academic cheating was prepared. Recommendations The adapted Russian-language methodology for determining the propensity for academic dishonesty can be used as a working tool to identify attitudes, intentions, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and moral obligations of Russian students with regard to academic dishonesty, on the basis of which subsequent changes in the educational process, such as introduction of student ethical codes and building a system to deal with plagiarism can be implemented.
Abstract
Subject Academic dishonesty (fraud) Goal To develop a plan to modify and adapt a version of a questionnaire to measure the propensity for planned academic dishonesty in students [...]
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«PRODUCTIVE AND ERRONEOUS STRATEGIES OF THEORETICAL WORK IN MODERN PSYCHOLOGY»
K. Mustafina

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2023). 124

Abstract
Subject Psychological theories in cognitive science. Goal To identify theoretical and metatheoretical approaches to describing the field of cognitive psychology. Relevance During the 65 years of its existence, cognitive psychology has passed the path of development from a newly emerging interdisciplinary area of research to an independent discipline that incorporates various theoretical and methodological traditions. Experimentation as the main method of research, the diversity of research groups working on similar problems, and the use of mathematical modeling and behavioral dependent variables have resulted in the highest level of reproducibility of results obtained in cognitive psychology. Given the success, rapid development, and broad applied and public interest in the field of cognitive psychology, attempts to make sense of the metatheoretical aspects of cognitive research and especially changes in the way theories are constructed and empirically tested are of particular interest for further research both in cognitive psychology and in other psychological fields. Such metatheoretical work is needed: to identify the types of existing cognitive theories that are used in research; to clarify criteria for analyzing current empirical research, as well as for their interpretation; to indicate the changes that have occurred in theoretical work in the field over the past 30-40 years as a separate task. Scientific novelty The paper will review and analyze the main theoretical and metatheoretical approaches to describing the field of cognitive psychology. There are no works that comprehensively analyze the state of psychological theories in cognitive science. Methods Literature analysis. Results Over the past 40 years, research and theories have focused on narrow areas of cognitive science. Theories describing the solution to one problem are limited: they do not accumulate knowledge for the entire field, they do not address higher level processes. Conclusions In cognitive psychology, there is a high degree of fragmentation in theories. One possible solution to the theoretical contradictions is the way of modeling cognitive processes. Another solution is the development of a Unified Theory of Cognition (UTC). Recommendations This study is intended to answer several important theoretical and methodological questions related to the construction and change of theories in cognitive psychology. One of the key problems in the construction and development of cognitive theories is the lack of a clear description of how such theories have changed, what properties they have gained and what properties they have lost. Also, there is a lack of a classification of cognitive psychology theories, the creation of which is one of the results of our research series.
Abstract
Subject Psychological theories in cognitive science. Goal To identify theoretical and metatheoretical approaches to describing the field of cognitive psychology. Relevance [...]
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MANDATORY PENSION SAVINGS IN RUSSIA: EXPERIENCE AND PROSPECTS
A. Abramov, A. Radygin, M. Chernova

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2023). 125

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the experience of creating a system of mandatory pension savings and assess the effectiveness of the activities of non-state pension funds. The research is focused on the management of pension savings portfolios in Russia. As a research method we use portfolio optimization, analysis of long time series on the return of various investment strategies, regression analysis for decomposition of non-state pension fund returns, stochastic modeling of return and risk with given asset allocation and benchmarks, modelling replacement ratio of a pension savings system’s participant. The modern demographic trends, the development of the labour market in the context of the progress of industrial technologies and other processes create the prerequisites for changes in pension systems. At the same time, the increasing volatility of financial markets and the trend of low yields give rise to discussions about the role of the pension savings system, its ability to increase the sustainability of pension system. The ability of existing pension portfolio management strategies to generate the necessary returns for pension savings is challenged. However, the number of studies and reports devoted to the problems of pension fund performance is relatively small. All this predetermines the relevance of studying the aspects of the pension savings system effectiveness, the effectiveness of portfolio management strategies in modern financial markets, and the implementation of regulation practices. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the authors tried to comprehend the experience of the system of mandatory pension savings, conditions and prerequisites of its implementation, achievements and difficulties, to analyze the effectiveness of the activities of non-state pension funds on pension savings investment. The main result of the study is the development of methodological approaches necessary to assess the success of pension savings reforms in Russia. According to our estimates, the decision to introduce a pension savings pillar had been justified and, under certain circumstances, could have improved the well-being of future pensioners. We conclude that the successful implementation of the mandatory pension savings was violated by the frequent change of the regulation on the long-term horizon, unbalanced development of state and savings pension pillars, and low investment efficiency. In the future, the development of our study should contribute to the development of an institution of long-term and trusted internal savings.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the experience of creating a system of mandatory pension savings and assess the effectiveness of the activities of non-state pension [...]
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ANALYSIS OF THE PROCESSES OF ADAPTATION OF THE NORTHERN CAUCASIAN MIGRANTS IN THE MEGAPOLIS (EVIDENCE FROM ST. PETERSBURG)
I. Starodubrovskaya, D. Sitkevich

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2023). 126

Abstract
Relevance: Migration processes largely determine the face of the modern world. Their results lead to serious problems of intercultural communication, and successful approaches of solving them have not yet been developed. Different attempts both to pursue a policy of assimilation and to introduce the principles of multiculturalism often do not have a positive effect. Subject of research: Adaptation strategies of Northern Caucasian migrants in St. Petersburg. The purpose of this work is to analyze the processes of adaptation of Northern Caucasian migrants to the social and cultural environment of the metropolis, as well as to identify factors affecting its success. The scientific novelty of the preprint will consist in the description of foreign cultural internal migration in Russia from the point of view of various migration theories. Research methods: Review of migration theories available in literature, field research in St. Petersburg. Main results: A field study conducted showed that the theories under consideration have different explanatory potential for analyzing the processes of adaptation of Northern Caucasians in the metropolis. Thus, the concept of acculturation strategies, although it turned out to be a rather crude analysis tool, allowed us to characterize the differences between the adaptation of Northern Caucasian migrants of the first and second generation. The theory of transmigration has also revealed its productivity, in particular for describing the existing links between migrant communities of the metropolis and the regions of departure, as well as for determining the design of ethnic networks. At the same time, the theory of segmental assimilation in its classical form turned out to be inapplicable – both because of the lack of local protest countercultures that could be perceived by migrants, and because of the absence of a pronounced problem of the "second generation". At the same time, the field study demonstrated that migrants could adapt to the metropolis through specific cultural environments that are not countercultural – for example, sports or Islamic communities. These mechanisms of embedding in the city carry both certain benefits and inherent risks. Conclusions: Natives of the North Caucasus moving to St. Petersburg can use various adaptation strategies in the city - both in the urban mainstream and in specific cultural environments (but not in countercultures). At the same time, in some cases, there are also processes of separation of migrants from the urban community.
Abstract
Relevance: Migration processes largely determine the face of the modern world. Their results lead to serious problems of intercultural communication, and successful approaches [...]
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MODERN APPROACHES TO ASSESSING THE LEVEL OF ECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY: INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RUSSIA
D. Petrova

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2023). 127

Abstract
In this study we construct economic policy uncertainty indices for Russia using online news articles and VK posts. A comparative analysis of quantitative measures of economic uncertainty shows that the news index captures periods of economic uncertainty better than the Baker-Bloom-Davis index. On the contrary, the Baker-Bloom-Davis index for Russia is extremely sensitive to political instability and the period of the coronavirus. The goal of this study is to assess economic policy uncertainty in Russia. The study solves the following tasks: review of theoretical and empirical works on the analysis of the impact of uncertainty on the behavior of economic agents; analysis of approaches to quantitative assessment of economic policy uncertainty; collecting and preparing data; assessment of economic policy uncertainty index based on Russian data; econometric analysis of the impact of economic policy uncertainty on economic activity. The subject of the study is a quantitative assessment of the economic policy uncertainty index based on Russian data. The novelty of the scientific research is the analysis of the level of economic uncertainty in Russia using text analysis of online news articles and VK posts. Methods: text analysis, statistical and econometric methods of time series analysis. The study is carried out on Russian data during 1999-2022. The paper shows that news articles from online media can be used to assess economic policy uncertainty indices. The authors calculate three types of economic uncertainty index: news-based economic policy uncertainty index, economic policy uncertainty index based on VK posts and measures of financial uncertainty. The results of the econometric analysis indicate that an increase in economic policy uncertainty is associated with a decrease in real GDP, real consumption and real investment. The main conclusion of the study is that the news-based economic policy uncertainty index is useful for analyzing periods of economic instability in Russia
Abstract
In this study we construct economic policy uncertainty indices for Russia using online news articles and VK posts. A comparative analysis of quantitative measures of economic [...]
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Factor models of cryptocurrency return within homogeneous groups
M. Kuznetsova, E. Sinelnikova-Muryleva, K. Shilov

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2023). 128

Abstract
There is still no common understanding of whether cryptocurrencies should be classified as financial assets or as currencies. The ambiguity and versatility of the definition of the nature and functions of cryptocurrencies give rise to a variety of views on the methods of modeling their returns. Therefore, the issue of essence of cryptocurrencies is topical. The main subject of the study is the return of cryptocurrencies. The main aim of this work is to identify the determinants of return of homogeneous groups of cryptocurrencies. To achieve this goal, such tasks as the formation of various groups of cryptocurrencies, modeling of factors that take into account the peculiarities of the cryptocurrency market, and the evaluation of multifactor models of the Fama-French type for the analysis of cryptocurrency returns have been performed. Based on the collected daily data on capitalization, trading volumes and the price of cryptocurrencies for the period from 01.04.2014 to 29.05.2022, standard factors for cryptocurrencies based on market capitalization, trading volumes and the first momentum, as well as factors reflecting the return of the cryptocurrency market as a whole and the return of the stock market (S&P500) were constructed. The main method of estimating regressions is econometric modeling using the least squares method. The results of an empirical study indicate a positive relationship between the return of homogeneous groups of cryptocurrencies and the difference in the yields of the upper and lower 30% of cryptocurrencies in terms of market capitalization. Weighted return of the cryptocurrency market based on market capitalization (analogous to the S&P500) has a positive impact on the return of homogeneous groups of cryptocurrencies. The main conclusion of the study is that the transition to empirical analysis based on homogeneous groups of cryptocurrencies allowed us to obtain stable results indicating the absence of a relationship between the return of financial assets and the return of cryptocurrencies that are in a single homogeneous group. The scientific novelty of the work consists in presenting an assessment of the impact of modeled factors on various groups (portfolios) of cryptocurrencies in certain periods of time. This study recommends conducting a search for the determinants of cryptocurrency returns and subsequent analysis of their impact.
Abstract
There is still no common understanding of whether cryptocurrencies should be classified as financial assets or as currencies. The ambiguity and versatility of the definition [...]
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MODELS AND MECHANISMS OF BUDGET FINANCING OF EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION
K. T.L, T. G.S

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2023). 129

Abstract
The paper discusses the main models and mechanisms that provide budget financing for higher education institutions. It analyzes the sources from which universities receive income, tools and procedures for budget financing, approaches and principles for building models on the basis of which the allocation of budget appropriations by a higher education institution is carried out
Abstract
The paper discusses the main models and mechanisms that provide budget financing for higher education institutions. It analyzes the sources from which universities receive [...]
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The influence of migration processes on the transformation of the urban environment: a spatial aspect
V. Malakhov, M. Simon, D. Letnyakov, A. Motin, K. Yurina, M. Pralkova, A. Vasilchenko, E. Kandaurova

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2023). 130

Abstract
In recent years, the focus of urban studies has been gradually shifting from the issue of “ethnic enclaves” to the infrastructure created by migrants. The problem of territorially closed migrant communities in big cities does not lose its relevance, however, the settlement factor ceases to be a universal explanatory model for analyzing the dynamics of social integration. The attention of researchers is increasingly attracted by market, medical, information and entertainment infrastructures, through which members of migrant communities are involved in building new social ties without rigid reduction to their place of residence. In Russia, just as in Europe, migrants accumulate various resources through labor and neighborhood relations, as well as through participation in public organizations. However, how these relations are localized in the Russian cities and what institutions mediate them remains poorly understood. This work sheds light on the specifics of the post-Soviet context through comparison with the situation in Western European megacities.
Abstract
In recent years, the focus of urban studies has been gradually shifting from the issue of “ethnic enclaves” to the infrastructure created by migrants. The problem [...]
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SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING IN ADOLESCENTS’ ASSESSMENTS
A. Ipatova, M. Vyrskaya

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2023). 131

Abstract
The paper is based on the results of the research work «Methodology for conducting an administrative survey on issues of child well-being», accomplished by the team of the Field Research Center of the Institute for Social Analysis and Forecasting (RANEPA) in 2021-2022. One of the most important criteria for the country's social development is the welfare of children. In order to make the concept of «child well-being» more definite, it is necessary to reach agreement between the experts’ community, the state and its society in determining the quality of life, and to develop social research tools that allow measuring the social well-being of children. The purpose of the study is to develop and test a survey toolkit to measure the social well-being of children. The objectives of the study are to form a questionnaire that allows a complex survey of children and parents and to conduct an administrative survey in the selected regions and in Russia as a whole, as well as in the context of various social groups of children living in two-parent, single-parent, foster families and childcare institutions. Methods used include online survey, administrative survey. The object of the research is families with children. The subject of the study is the mechanism for measuring a happy childhood based on six domains: education, health, financial situation, safety, social relations, and self-fulfillment. The results of this research work can be used in (1) formulating recommendations for improving the state policy in the field of child protection and education; (2) developing recommendations for the ongoing national program of systemic support and improving the quality of life of families with children, and 3) developing recommendations to the executive authorities, taking into account the needs of children, to determine the main directions and activities of family policy
Abstract
The paper is based on the results of the research work «Methodology for conducting an administrative survey on issues of child well-being», accomplished by the [...]
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Working Pensioners in the Russian Labor Market
M. Lopatina, V. Lyashok

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2023). 132

Abstract
The problem of working pensioners in Russia is becoming more and more relevant in the context of the increase of the retirement age. The situation of this population group differs significantly from other groups on the labor market, as shown by numerous studies. This work focuses on the analysis of changes in this situation by 2022, four years after the start of the pension reform. It shows, on the one hand, an increase in employment in the age groups affected by the reform, and an increase in the length of working careers. A negative consequence of raising the retirement age was an increase in unemployment in older age groups and an increase in age-related wage differentials. On the other hand, the situation of working pensioners remains virtually unchanged compared to earlier studies. The highest proportion of the elderly are in budget-funded sectors, among those with a high level of education, and among specialists with medium and high qualifications. In light of this study, the problem of pension provision for working pensioners in Russia seems unresolved. The possibility of combining pensions and labor income leads to dramatic changes in the financial situation of senior citizens after they reach retirement age and for a short period of such a combination. At the same time, the reform currently underway to raise the retirement age should reduce the gap between retirement age and the age of exit from the labor market.
Abstract
The problem of working pensioners in Russia is becoming more and more relevant in the context of the increase of the retirement age. The situation of this population group [...]
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BRICS Sustainable Development Index
A. Sakharov

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2023). 133

Abstract
The relevance of the study stems from the fact that the global economic crisis of 2020, caused by the spread of coronavirus infection, had a negative impact on the prospects of implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2015 and the relevant Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). For the Russian Federation, measures to overcome the consequences of the crisis need to strike a balance between short-term economic objectives and long-term social and environmental goals outlined both in the SDGs and in the Decree "On the National Development Goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030". The R&D is aimed at studying the experience of the BRICS countries in ensuring sustainable economic recovery and growth in the post-crisis period. Based on the data obtained, the BRICS Index of SDG Implementation will be developed, which will provide data on the progress and contribution of the BRICS countries to the implementation of the SDGs. Further annual updates of the Index will provide an objective assessment of the progress and contribution of the BRICS countries to the achievement of the SDGs. This study was conducted within the framework of the study "Building the BRICS SDG Index based on the analysis of national sustainable development policies. The object of the study is the sustainable development policies of the BRICS countries. The purpose of the study was to develop and test a mechanism for the assessment and comparative analysis of the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals in the BRICS countries. In preparing the paper, we used the methods of content analysis, comparative analysis of key international indices, statistical analysis and expert assessment. The paper presents the results of the analysis of the BRICS countries' (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) progress on 64 indicators of sustainable development for 2015 and 2020. The research resulted in the creation of the BRICS Sustainable Development Index, reflecting the progress in implementation and the level of priority of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (Agenda 2030) in the five countries. Conclusions. The following results were recorded based on the results of the Index formation: China made the most significant progress in all key SDG areas in 2015-2020, scoring highest on SDG 6, Clean Water and Sanitation, SDG 10, Reducing Inequality, and SDG 14, Preserving Marine Ecosystems. India, in second place, has progressed faster than other countries on SDG 1, Eradicate Poverty; SDG 4, Quality Education; and SDG 13, Combating Climate Change. Russia, ranked third, led in SDG 8, "Decent Work and Economic Growth," and SDG 9, "Industrialization, Innovation and Infrastructure. Brazil scored the highest in SDG 2 Ending Hunger and SDG 5 Gender Equality. Finally, South Africa made the most progress on SDG 15, "Preserve Terrestrial Ecosystems. Prospects for the study, directions for further work. In continuing the work in the future, it seems advisable to consider the possibility of taking the average values of sustainability indicators for three-year time periods as baseline data for the formation of the Index. The continuation of the study in the coming years will also ensure the accumulation of data over a longer period of time, which will allow for a multi-year analysis of the progress of the BRICS countries in their transition to more sustainable growth patterns.
Abstract
The relevance of the study stems from the fact that the global economic crisis of 2020, caused by the spread of coronavirus infection, had a negative impact on the prospects [...]
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Sensitivity improvement to eddy current displacement sensor in full maglev LVAD
W. Tao, C. Chen

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (4), 40

Abstract
Eddy current displacement sensors in full-maglev left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) suffer from low sensitivity resulting from the use of a stator titanium alloy frame. The aim of this study was to develop a methodology to improve the sensitivity of eddy current displacement sensors and formulate a mathematical model of coil impendence to illustrate the impact of the addition of a titanium alloy frame between the sensor coils and the measured conductor. An equivalent mutual inductance model in the circuit was established for LVADs with and without a titanium alloy frame stator wall. Comparing the differences in excitation frequency and measured metal conductivity considering the relation of inductance with displacement enabled the development of methods to improve the sensitivity of the sensor when a titanium frame is added to the stator. An experiment was conducted to collect and analyze data to ascertain the relation between impedance and rotor displacement considering different excitation frequencies, stators with and without a titanium alloy frame, and the copper ring. Relatively high sensitivity was acquired when titanium frames of 0.25-mm thickness were applied to both the stator and rotor with an additional copper ring attached to the rotor frame at an excitation frequency of 475 kHz.
Abstract
Eddy current displacement sensors in full-maglev left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) suffer from low sensitivity resulting from the use of a stator titanium alloy frame. [...]
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An enhanced semi-explicit particle finite element method for incompressible flows
J. Marti, E. Oñate

Computational Mechanics (2022). Vol. 70, pp. 607–620

Abstract
In this paper an enhanced version of the semi-explicit Particle Finite Element Method for incompressible flow problems is presented. This goal is achieved by improving the solution of the advective sub-problem that results of applying the Strang operator splitting to the Navier–Stokes equations. An acceleration term is taken into account in the solution of the advective step and the Stokes problem. The solution of the advetive step is perfomed using a SPH kernel. Two test cases are solved for validating the methodology and estimating its accuracy. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed scheme improves the accuracy of the semi-explicit PFEM scheme.
Abstract
In this paper an enhanced version of the semi-explicit Particle Finite Element Method for incompressible flow problems is presented. This goal is achieved by improving the [...]
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A multiscale approach for the study of particle-laden flows using a continuous model
S. Idelsohn, J. Gimenez, R. Lohner, E. Oñate

Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering (2022). Volume 401, Part A, 115174

Abstract
The methodology previously proposed by the authors to solve particle-laden turbulent flows through a multiscale approach is extended by introducing a continuous function for the dispersed phase concentration. The proposed continuous model is especially useful for studying the motion of particle streams in which gravitational and inertial effects cause the particles to deviate from a simple trajectory following the surrounding flow, as would be the case for the limit of very small, massless particles. The results show an excellent comparison between the solutions obtained using the continuous model and simulations evaluating the forces on each particle individually. Distinct advantages of the continuous approach are a much lower computational overhead, a better load balance and ease of parallelization. The multiscale methodology proposed may be used in the area of modeling and simulation of airborne infectious diseases.
Abstract
The methodology previously proposed by the authors to solve particle-laden turbulent flows through a multiscale approach is extended by introducing a continuous function for [...]
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A deterministic pathogen transmission model based on high-fidelity physics
R. Lohner, H. Antil, J. Gimenez, S. Idelsohn, E. Oñate

Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering (2022). Volume 401, Part A, 114929

Abstract
A deterministic pathogen transmission model based on high-fidelity physics has been developed. The model combines computational fluid dynamics and computational crowd dynamics in order to be able to provide accurate tracing of viral matter that is exhaled, transmitted and inhaled via aerosols. The examples shown indicate that even with modest computing resources, the propagation and transmission of viral matter can be simulated for relatively large areas with thousands of square meters, hundreds of pedestrians and several minutes of physical time. The results obtained and insights gained from these simulations can be used to inform global pandemic propagation models, increasing substantially their accuracy.
Abstract
A deterministic pathogen transmission model based on high-fidelity physics has been developed. The model combines computational fluid dynamics and computational [...]
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A free software for dam monitoring data analysis: exploration, curation and machine learning model fitting
F. Salazar, A. Conde

27th ICOLD Congress
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TDCMDA: Tripartite graph-based integrating dual-layer contrast learning into graph convolutional network for miRNA-disease association identification
J. Bai, P. Zhang, L. Li

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (3), 28

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in various biological regulatory processes and are closely related to the occurrence and development of complex diseases. Identifying miRNA-disease associations (MDA) is of great value for revealing the molecular mechanisms of diseases and exploring therapeutic strategies and drug development. Recently, most computer-aided MDAs identification approaches design their models tend to base on a bipartite graph (i.e., miRNA-disease network), ignoring the endogenous RNAs(ceRNAs) hypothesis in post-transcriptional control such as gene negative regulation by targeting mRNAs. Besides, the existing MDA bipartite graph could not make convincing predictions for MDA, only relying on collaborative filtering followed by the recommended system. To address the above issues, we propose a TDCMDA (Tripartite graph-based integrating Dual-layer Contrast learning into graph neural network for MDA prediction), which aims to integrate dual-layer contrast learning into graph neural network under the miRNA-disease-gene tripartite graph. Different from the existing approaches, TDCMDA introduces not only rich biologic regulatory relationships hidden in ceRNAs by a tripartite graph but also employs self-supervised dual-layer contrast learning to alleviate sparse label disadvantage. TDCMDA can learn node feature representation across three subgraph spaces such that the link representation between miRNA and disease can be obtained more biology semantically. Comprehensive experiments indicate TDCMDA is superior to several state-of-the-art approaches, and the case studies show that TDCMDA can convincingly detect novel MDA pairs and can be a promising tool for MDA identification.
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in various biological regulatory processes and are closely related to the occurrence and development of complex diseases. Identifying [...]
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Analytical solution to fractional differential equation arising in thermodynamics
A. Almuneef, A. Hagag

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (4), 49

Abstract
The analysis of nonlinear events related to physical phenomena is a popular issue in the modern-day. The essential purpose of this work is to discover a novel approximate solution to the fractional nonlinear Benjamin Bona Mahony Peregrine Burgers equation (BBMPB) utilizing the natural decomposition method (NDM) of fractional order. The suggested approach provides analytical solutions that are extremely near to the exact solution whereas obviating the complexities associated with many other approaches. The expected issue’s uniqueness theorem and convergence analysis are explored using Banach’s fixed-point theory. The reliability and accuracy of the recommended method were tested using numerical simulations. The graphs and tables reflect the results. The comparison of the suggested scheme’s solution with the exact solutions demonstrates that the scheme is efficient, methodical, and extremely exact in tackling nonlinear complicated phenomena.
Abstract
The analysis of nonlinear events related to physical phenomena is a popular issue in the modern-day. The essential purpose of this work is to discover a novel approximate [...]
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Practical application of hull shape optimization with an integrated process combining automated optimization and classical design methods
G. De Luca, F. Conti, D. Grassi, G. Statti, B. Rimini, F. Furcas*

marine2023.
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A Non-Deterministic Propeller Design Optimization Framework Leveraging Machine Learning Based Boundary Element Methods Surrogates
A. Coraddu, S. Gaggero, D. Villa, L. Oneto

marine2023.
- 7
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Uncertainty Quantification of the DTMB 5415 Performance Subject to Geometrical and Operational Uncertainties via Multi Index Stochastic Collocation
R. Pellegrini, L. Tamellini, A. Serani, C. Piazzola, M. Diez

marine2023.
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Simulation-driven Design of a Fast Monohull
S. Harries, O. Ahmed, S. Uharek

marine2023.
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Hydrofoil Optimization via Automated Multi-Fidelity Surrogate Models
H. Pehlivan Solak, J. Wackers, R. Pellegrini, A. Serani, M. Diez, P. Perali, M. Sacher, J. Leroux, B. Augier, F. Hauville, P. Bot

marine2023.
- 3
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Parallel Constrained Multi-Objective Optimization for Ship Design Damage Stability Problem with (In)Expensive Function Evaluations
R. de Winter

marine2023.
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Non-intrusive Reduced Order Modeling to Accelerate Design and Optimization Processes
N. Demo, G. Rozza, A. Ivagnes*

marine2023.
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Multifidelity Bayesian Methods for Design Optimization: Marine Engineering Application
F. Di Fiore, A. Serani, M. Diez, L. Mainini

marine2023.
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Robust Optimization Of Hull Forms Operating in Realistic Ocean Environment - An Overview
G. Grigoropoulos, C. Bakirtzoglou

marine2023.
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Shape Optimization of a Naval Destroyer by Multi-Fidelity Methods
A. Serani, S. Ficini, R. Broglia, M. Diez, O. Goren, B. Danisman, H. Pehlivan Solak, S. Yildiz, M. Nikbay, T. Scholcz, J. Klinkenberg, G. Grigoropoulos, C. Bakirtzoglou, G. Papadakis

marine2023.
- 3
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Unsteady Hydrodynamic Loads on Energy Saving Ducts
N. Kornev, P. Anschau, S. Samarbakhsh

marine2023.
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The Dynamics of a Ship Nominal Wake in Head Waves
A. Eslamdoost, M. Irannezhad, R. Bensow

marine2023.
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Computation of Ship Manoeuvring in Irregular Waves with CFD
B. Di Paolo, S. Jun Won, P. Geremia, K. Maki

marine2023.
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Resistance Decomposition of a Self-propelled Ship in Full Scale
R. Lopes, A. Eslamdoost, R. Johansson, S. RoyChoudhury, R. Bensow

marine2023.
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A Detailed Analysis of Manoeuvring Performance of Solid of Revolutions
V. Zheku, D. Villa, S. Gaggero

marine2023.
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Application of wave induced thrust on a submerged foil
J. Xing, J. Wang, L. Yang

marine2023.
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A Validation Study of Full-Scale CFD Simulation for Sea Trial Performance Prediction of Ships
K. Korkmaz, K. Kim, M. Liefvendahl, S. Werner, M. Orych

marine2023.
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Scale effect in the self-propulsion prediction for Ultra Large Container Ship with contra-rotating propellers
H. Pruszko, M. Reichel, K. Czerski, M. Necel, S. Brüns, J. Schmale

marine2023.
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Accurate and Efficient BEM Modelling of Squat and Bank Effects in Navigation Channels and Inland Water Ways
O. Lindberg, O. Vilmann

marine2023.
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Simulation and analysis of the hydrodynamic interaction between unmanned vessels (vessel train)
S. Kaidi, H. Smaui, P. Du, P. Sergent

marine2023.
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Performance prediction of KP505 propeller using Lifting Line Theory and RANS
H. Iftikhar, A. Takinaci

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Accelerating simulation-driven optimisation of marine propellers using shape-supervised dimension reduction
S. Khan, S. Gaggero, P. Kaklis, G. Vernengo, D. Villa

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Extreme Ship Motion Estimation using Neural Network Correction
S. Edwards

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Multi-Objective Hull Form Optimization with CAD Engine-based Deep Learning Physics for 3D Flow Prediction
J. Mazari, S. Sigmund, A. Reverberi, P. Yser

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Dynamic Mode Decomposition with Time-Delaying Embedding for Time-Series Forecasting of Ships Operating in Waves
P. Dragone, A. Serani, M. Diez

marine2023.
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Parameter space and model order reduction for the structural optimisation of passenger ships
G. Rozza, M. Tezzele, L. Fabris

marine2023.
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Naval composite structure monitoring by fibre optics strain measurements
M. Riou, M. Chevreuil, C. Leblond, E. Billaudeau

marine2023.
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A Multi-fidelity Coupling Methodology for the Simulation of Wave Energy Converter Farms
B. Battisti, M. Bergmann

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Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Parameterized Deformation of Ship Hulls with constant Hydrostatic Properties
N. Demo, A. Mola, G. Rozza

marine2023.
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Scientific machine learning: methods to compute efficient surrogate models from small sets of observations
F. Di Fiore, P. Berri, L. Mainini

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Full-scale CFD simulations of Air Lubrication with DIS-based Air Cavity for Planing Hull
F. De Luca, S. Mancini, C. Pensa, R. Pigazzini, V. Sorrentino

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Standardized Workflow For Cfd Planing Hull Modelling
E. Begovic, C. Bertorello, R. Ponzini, F. Salvadore

marine2023.
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