Abstract

Las redes de tráfico urbano en las grandes ciudades están siendo ocupadas por una alta demanda de vehículos. Como resultado de este fenómeno, la contaminación, el tiempo total de viaje y el estrés se incrementan considerablemente. Actualmente, los problemas de congestión se investigan a partir de diferentes enfoques, uno de ellos es el modelado dinámico del tráfico vehicular, el cual es un elemento de diseño no para el monitoreo y control de tráfico a través de la gestión de la red semafórica. El modo de operación de los semáforos incide directamente en los índices de desempeñe no de movilidad. Por lo tanto, en la tesis se propusieron tres arquitecturas de control actuado de semáforos, es decir que ajustan sus variables según los volúmenes de tráfico de las vías. Una de estas estrategias es una combinación de sistemas de control cl ́asico con sistemas de control ́optimo organizados en una arquitectura jerárquica, que permitió escalar la coordinación de corredores a escenarios de una escala mayor, teniendo en cuenta las interacciones entre los subsistemas definidos. La metodología para la implementación y posterior validación de los m ́métodos propuestos consistió o en la integración del microfilmador de tráfico SUMO y el entorno de simulación Matlab a través de la interfaz Traci4Matlab, lo que permitió implementar las estrategias en un corredor de 5 intersecciones de la ciudad de Medellín. Los resultados obtenidos reflejaron una mejora entre el 36 % y 63 % de los modos de operación actuados respeto al tiempo fijo. Abstract; Urban traffic networks in big cities are being increasingly occupied by vehicles. As a result of this phenomenon, pollution, time spent by drivers and stress are increased considerably. Currently, congestion problems are investigated from different approaches. One of them is the dynamic modeling of vehicular traffic, which is a major factor in the monitoring and control through traffic light management. The mode of operation of traffic lights directly affects mobility performance index. Therefore in the thesis three traffic control architectures were proposed, they adjust their variables according to the traffic volumes. One of the strategies is a combination of classical control systems with optimal control systems, organized in a hierarchical architecture, which allowed to scale the coordination of corridors a ladder of a larger scale. The methodology for the implementation and validation of the proposed methods consisted of the integration of the SUMO traffic and Matlab through Traci4Matlab interface, which allowed the implementation of the strategies in a corridor of the city Of Medell ́ın. The results obtained describe an improvement between 36 % and 63 % of the modes of operation acted in relation to the fixed time. Real time implem entation is the most viii remarkable advantage, which motivates the use of the linear control

Abstract

Due to recent advanced communication possibilities between traffic infrastructure, vehicles and drivers, the optimization of traffic lights control can be approached in novel ways. At the same time, this may introduce new unexpected dynamics in transportation systems. The authors' research aims to determine how drivers and traffic lights systems interact and influence each other when they are informed one about another's behaviour. In order to study this, the authors developed an agent based model to simulate transportation systems with static and dynamic traffic lights and drivers using information about the traffic lights behaviour. Experiments reveal that the system's performance improves when a bigger share of drivers receive information for both static and dynamic traffic lights systems. This performance improvement is due to drivers managing to avoid stopping at red light rather them adapting their speed to different distances to the traffic lights systems. Additionally, it is demonstrated that the duration of the fixed phases also influences the performance when drivers use speed recommendations. Moreover, the results show that dynamic traffic lights can produce positive effects for roads with high speed limits and high traffic intensity, while in the rest of the cases static control is better. The findings can be used for building more efficient traffic lights systems. Document type: Article