Abstract

Der Beitrag widmet sich der Wirkungsermittlung und -bewertung von verkehrlichen Maßnahmen, die das Mobilitätsverhalten der Verkehrsteilnehmer und damit den Modal Split in Richtung des Umweltverbundes mittels Information und Kommunikation beeinflussen sollen. Im Zentrum der Betrachtungen steht der Maßnahmenbereich „Mobilitätspakete für Neubürger“, dargestellt an den Projekten „Münchner Neubürgerpaket“ und „Neubürgerpaket für die Region München“. Deutlich wird, dass für die dargestellten Projekte eine klare Positionierung und Darstellung eines differenzierten Ziel- und Indikatorensystems sowie zu Methoden des Monitorings und der Evaluation fehlen. Dabei tragen aber gerade auch diese Instrumente dazu bei, auf der einen Seite das Instrumentarium „Neubürgerpaket“ effektiv weiterzuentwickeln und es auf der anderen Seite langfristig auf städtischer und regionaler Ebene zu etablieren und damit zu einer effizienten Verkehrsabwicklung in der Region beizutragen. This paper focuses on attempts to gauge and assess the effectiveness of transport-policy measures which, through the use of information and communication, aim to influence the mobility behaviour of transport users, and thus also the modal split, in favour of ecomobility. The author concentrates on measures associated with “mobility packages for new citizens”, which are illustrated by reference to two projects: Munich’s “new citizens package” and the “new citizens package” for the Munich region. It becomes clear that these projects both lack any clear positioning, and that there has been a failure to set out a differentiated system of targets and indicators, or to detail methods for monitoring and evaluation. And yet it is precisely such instruments which can, firstly, make a contribution to effective further development of the instrument which the “new citizens package” embodies, and, secondly, help to establish it over the longer term at the municipal and regional levels and thus contribute to improving transport efficiency in the region.

Abstract

Perceived accessibility has been acknowledged as an important aspect of transport policy since the 70s. Nevertheless, very few empirical studies have been conducted in this field. When aiming to improve social inclusion, by making sustainable transport modes accessible to all, it is important to understand the factors driving perceived accessibility. Unlike conventional accessibility measures, perceived accessibility focuses on the perceived possibilities and ease of engaging in preferred activities using different transport modes. We define perceived accessibility in terms of how easy it is to live a satisfactory life with the help of the transport system, which is not necessarily the same thing as the objective standard of the system. According to previous research, perceived accessibility varies with the subjectively-rated quality of the mode of transport. Thus, improvements in quality (e.g. trip planning, comfort, or safety) increase the perceived accessibility and make life easier to live using the chosen mode of transport. This study (n=750) focuses on the perceived accessibility of public transport, captured using the Perceived Accessibility Scale PAC (Lättman, Olsson, & Friman, 2015). More specifically, this study aims to determine how level of quality affects the perceived accessibility in public transport. A Conditional Process Model shows that, in addition to quality, feeling safe and frequency of travel are important predictors of perceived accessibility. Furthermore, elderly and those in their thirties report a lower level of perceived accessibility to their day-to-day activities using public transport. The basic premise of this study is that subjective experiences may be as important as objective indicators when planning and designing for socially inclusive transport systems.