Abstract

This paper aims at evaluating road transport externalities in an intercity corridor taking into account the energetic and economic characterization of the available road transport modes: intercity bus, individual transport and shared mobility. One of the purposes of this analysis is to identify the external costs (EC) and private costs (PC) of each mode/route and to which extent the best environmental option can be also considered as the best economical option. Results show the intercity bus at full or half occupancy is the best option in terms of EC, followed by the shared mobility. Regarding the PC, results suggest that the best option is the shared mobility along route 1 (motorway), followed by the intercity bus. When comparing both routes, route 1 has less PC than route 2 (national road). In order to reduce the overall environmental impacts of a transport system, one solution might be the reduction of the EC through an optimization of the PC, ensuring that the option with less EC is also the option with less PC, so that it can encourage users to choose routes and transport modes with less environmental impacts. in publication

Abstract

TO IMPROVE THE SAFETY OF THE INTERCITY BUS STRUCTURE AGAINST IMPACT SCENARIOS AND TO REDUCE THE INJURES AND DEATH IN TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IT IS CRUCIAL IN A COUNTRY WITH CONTINENTAL DIMENSIONS LIKE BRAZIL, WHERE THE ROAD TRANSPORT MATRIX IS FUNDAMENTAL IN THE TRAFFIC OF PEOPLE AND GOODS. IN THIS CONTEXT IN THE PRESENT ARTICLE, A NUMERICAL MODEL OF AN INTERCITY BUS WAS BUILT WITH ELASTOPLASTIC BEAMS IMPLEMENTED IN A COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE LSDYNA. THIS MODEL WAS SUBMITTED TO DIFFERENT FRONTAL AND SEMI FRONTAL IMPACT CRASH SCENARIOS. WITH THIS MODEL WERE ANALYZED DIFFERENT ACCIDENTS WHICH HAPPENED IN THE BRAZILIAN HIGHWAYS, IT WAS ALSO SIMULATED A FRONTAL IMPACT TEST AND THE RESULTS OBTAINED WERE COMPARED WITH THE EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS. FINALLY THREE NUMERICAL APPROACHES WERE COMPARED, THEY ARE: A SIMPLE MODEL MADE WITH LUMPED MASSES AND NON-LINEAR SPRINGS SERIES CONNECTED, THE ELASTOPLASTIC BEAM MODEL AND THE CONVENTIONAL NON-LINEAR FINITE ELEMENT MODEL BUILT WITH SHELL ELEMENTS. THE DIFFERENT COMPARISONS CARRIED OUT LET US VALIDATE THE INTERCITY BUS MODEL CREATED USING ELASTOPLASTIC BEAM ELEMENTS AND PROPOSE TO USE THIS MODEL AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL TO SEARCH FOR MORE EFFICIENT BUS STRUCTURAL CONFIGURATIONS AGAINST IMPACT SCENARIOS. Document type: Article