Reconstructing the Indoor Climate of Historic Buildings

Abstract

In general, a building survey includes geometry, structure, construction, material and history. In historical buildings over the time the building structure and usage can vary greatly. If a room offers good conditions, it will be used accordingly. The usage criteria are not limited to geometric and visual design features but also include thermal comfort. When determining the use of historical rooms and buildings, it makes sense to combine the results of the construction survey and literature research with a reconstruction of the indoor climate. Constructive adjustments, spatial extensions and social developments lead to a deviation from the originally planned and implemented situation over time. Which parameters have to be known in order to reconstruct the indoor climate of a historic building? This paper uses three examples to describe the requirements and procedure for determining the use of rooms that are no longer in their original state. The reconstructed spaces are an office in a former tobacco factory in Krems (Austria) [1], an art gallery in Yogyakarta (Indonesia) [2] and a traditional residential building is in Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) [3]. Dynamic thermal and hygrothermal simulations of building elements show the ability of materials to influence the indoor climate and the interaction between construction and indoor climate. By monitoring or defining the user’s presence and activities in a room the thermal interaction between construction and indoor climate is calculated. The detection of the airflow around and through the building provides important parameters for the assessment of thermal indoor comfort. The results were compared with the use of space as described in the literature or expected from the building survey. The method of reconstructing the indoor climate in historical buildings works. The results provide information for evaluating the original situation. With these findings, the potential inherent in a building can be better exploited for the adaptation of historical buildings to changing user requirements or climatic conditions.

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References

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