Deformacijska analiza cestnih mostov pri transportu izrednih tovorov v Sloveniji

Abstract

In August 1999 an exceptional transportation of two steamers of 666 tonnes was performed from the Port of Koper to the Nuclear power plant in Krško. The transport covered a distance of about 200km and represented one of the largest exceptional transports in Slovenia ever. Finding the best route represented one of the major issues, because the steamers had to cross more than 50 problematic sections and bridges, most of which have not been designed for such heavy loads. It was necessary to load-test almost all bridges on the route to determine whether those bridges need any extra supports or not. Consequently, a logistic operator has an important and indispensable role and becomes a co-modeller of logistic service. A deformation analysis or a polynomial interpolation of vertical displacements could also be used. Therefore, a laboratory load test of a concrete plate was made. The concrete plate was loaded with hydraulic cylinder PZ 100 with extensiometer up to 21kN. Every increase of load by 3kN was measured with Nikon Ser 800 total station. V Sloveniji je bilo potrebno avgusta 1999 iz Koprskega pristanišča do Nuklearne elektrarne Krško prepeljati dva uparjalnika teže 666 ton na relaciji dobrih 200 km, kar še danes predstavlja enega največjih tovorov, ki je kdajkoli potoval po Slovenji. Izbira najboljše poti je predstavljala zelo pomemben del transporta, saj sta uparjalnika na poti prečkala preko 50 problematičnih odsekov in mostov, ki za tako velike ob- remenitve večinoma niso predvideni. Tako je bilo potrebno določene premostitvene objekte testno obremenjevati, da bi ugotovili ali bodo obremenitev vzdržali in ali so za to potrebne dodatne ojačitve. Izredno vlogo pri tem mora odigrati logistični operator, saj je v vlogi moderatorja logistične storitve. Pomagali bi si lahko tudi z ustrezno deformacijsko analizo oz. interpolacijo vertikalnih pomikov s pomočjo polinomov. Za to je bil v laboratoriju izveden deformacijski obremenilni preizkus betonske plošče. Betonska plošča je bila obremenjevana s hidravličnim cilindrom PZ 100 z ekstenziometrom do sile 21 kN, ki je bil računalniško krmiljen. Izmerila se je vsaka dodatna obremenitev po 3 kN. Uporabljen je bil elektronski tahimeter znamke Nikon Ser. 800.