Indicators for hazard, exposure and urban risk

Abstract

The difficulty of considering aspects such as the effectiveness of risk management or the ability to react in the event of a disaster in a single methodology of risk analysis requires using techniques based on indicators. Indicators, which reflect different aspects of risk components, are reference values ​​of the hazard, exposure, vulnerability or risk that consider physical economic, social and environmental aspects. The main application of a system of risk indicators is to assess all these aspects in a geographical area, which can be a country, a subnational region or a city and to allow a detailed analysis of the urban area. The basic indicators at the city level that are necessary to perform risk assessments and are presented in this chapter are the following: physical exposure indicators, economic exposure indicators, population exposure indicators, hazard and physical risk indicators, total risk index for holistic risk estimation and the risk management index.