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• Analysis of Road Traffic Accident Related of Geometric Design Parameters in Alamata-Mehoni- Hewane Section

  E. Quezon

  International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research. (2017). Teyba Wedajo, Emer T. Quezon, Murad Mohammed. Analysis of Road Traffic Accident Related of Geometric Design Parameters in Alamata-Mehoni- Hewane Section. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research. 2010; 8(1): 874- 881.

  
  

  Abstract

  Geometric design deficiencies on existing roads would lead to a potential accident, such as an accident that happens at the sharp curves, layered pavement conditions, and slippery pavement surface. A road traffic accident has been increasing in the Southern Region of Tigray, of which this area was shown to have alarming rates. According to the Southern Tigray Regional Police, a high figure of road traffic accidents was recorded in Alamata, Mehoni, and Hewane districts. This research study focused on the analysis of traffic accidents related to geometric design parameters of the existing asphalt road. While the data for the analysis covered route data, traffic accident reports from the police station containing some injuries, crashes, and damage to properties, as well as interviews and questionnaire surveys to people who are directly involved in road travels, are considered. The primary data have mainly covered the geometry of the road which was measured during the site survey, road safety audit using the checklist, interview, and questionnaire survey. On the other hand, the secondary data collected from the traffic management office in the district offices. On this, the results presented in the form of line graphs, pie charts, figures for road traffic accidents, and sketches for the suggested improvement in the road design problem. Based on the results of the study in the year 2010 to the year 2015, it found out that there were 866 Road Traffic Accidents have been occurring in the vicinity of the survey road sections. From this figure, the road traffic accident and damage to properties expressed as an equivalent amount of about 33,565,122.00 Birr. It revealed that the primary cause of road traffic accidents in the study area emanated from the road design elements due to some geometric deficiencies in the traffic accident-prone areas. Therefore, this study concluded that the frequency of occurrence of road traffic accidents and the figure of casualties is significantly increasing. This road accident would persist if the concerned agencies do not adequately address the malady. 

  Abstract
  Geometric design deficiencies on existing roads would lead to a potential accident, such as an accident that happens at the sharp curves, layered pavement conditions, and [...]

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• Comparative Study on Compressive Strength of Locally Produced Fired Clay Bricks and Stabilized Clay Bricks with Cement and Lime

  M. Hiwot, P. Quezon, G. Kebede, E. Quezon

  Global Scientific Journals (2017). Miskir Gebre Hiwot, Prof. Emer Tucay Quezon, Getachew Kebede. Comparative Study on Compressive Strength of Locally Produced Fired Clay Bricks and Stabilized Clay Bricks with Cement and Lime. Global Scientific Journals. GSJ: 2017; 5(12): 147- 157.

  
  

  Abstract

  The local fired brick production technique is the known method of brick making, especially in Jimma Town. Firing of bricks in local brick production method is conducted by burning of much amount of woods. But this method of firing bricks by burning of woods will affect the environment. The locale firing technique is difficult to control the firing temperature, which will result in non-uniform burnt bricks. The major objective of this experimental study was to compare the compressive strengths of locally fired clay bricks and the local unfired cement and lime stabilized clay bricks. Specifically, the index properties of soil used for brick production, the compressive strength of locally fired clay bricks, and stabilized clay bricks had been determined and compare with the standard specifications. This study, it was used contents of the stabilizer for cement and lime of 10%, 12%, and 14%, respectively. The mix ratio applied 1:9, 1:7, and 1:6 by volume of clay with stabilizer 10%, 12%, and 14%. Based on the result on the 28th day, the mean compressive strength test, the 10%, 12%, and 14% cement Stabilized clay bricks have compressive strengths of 2.91Mpa, 3.28Mpa, and 3.79Mpa respectively, which are better than the mean compressive strength of the locally fired clay bricks which is 2.73Mpa. On the other hand, the 28th day means compressive strengths of the lime stabilized clay bricks were 2.19Mpa, 2.51Mpa, and 2.69Mpa, respectively. Therefore, these results showed that the Fired Clay Brick fails the minimum mean compressive strength requirement based on the ES, ASTM, and IS standards. But the Stabilized Clay Bricks fulfill the minimum compressive strength requirements of IS standard for stabilized bricks. Among these three methods, the cement stabilized clay bricks indicated better quality than both locally fired and lime stabilized bricks.

  Abstract
  The local fired brick production technique is the known method of brick making, especially in Jimma Town. Firing of bricks in local brick production method is conducted by [...]

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• Evaluation on the Operational Characteristics of Gerji-Imperial Roundabout: A Case Study in Addis Ababa

  E. Quezon

  International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research (2017). Bewket Aynetaw, Prof. Emer Tucay Quezon, Tarekegn Kumela. Evaluation on the Operational Characteristics of Gerji-Imperial Roundabout: A Case Study in Addis Ababa. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research. 2017; 8(12): 1002-1009.

  
  

  Abstract

  Highly congested roundabouts are usually considered as the critical points within the urban road network and the evaluation of their performance provides valuable understanding and useful indication about the performance of the city road network system. Roundabouts should be designed to operate at no more than 85 percent of their estimated capacity. Beyond this threshold, delay and queues vary significantly from their mean values. The roundabout approach is dependent on the conflicting circulating flow and the roundabout’s geometric elements. In Addis Ababa, most of the intersections are congested and operate in poor LOS. During peak hours, it is common to see congestion, long queues, and delay at junctions. Accordingly, the objective of the study was to evaluate the operational characteristics of the selected roundabout in Addis Ababa. This research focused on the capacity and evaluation of the level of service at Gerji Imperial Roundabout and addressed the most important element of operational characteristics. The methodology employed for this study was the quantitative descriptive research design method. The necessary geometric data for the analysis (average entry width, circulatory road width, number of entry and circulatory lanes, and island diameter), traffic movement data with vehicle characteristics, and pedestrian volume were collected from the study area. The capacity analysis was done based on the gap – acceptance method that is adopted by the SIDRA Software program. Based on the results, the degree of congestion of the roundabout found out to have 1.749 which is far beyond the recommended values for a satisfactory level of service. Therefore, this indicates that the Gerji-Imperial roundabout is serving in a poor level of service. It is recommended to construct a road overpass or underpass at the most problematic approach to improve the operational capacity of the intersection.

  Abstract
  Highly congested roundabouts are usually considered as the critical points within the urban road network and the evaluation of their performance provides valuable understanding [...]

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• EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF STABILIZED EXPANSIVE SOIL USING PUMICE MIXED WITH LIME FOR SUBGRADE ROAD CONSTRUCTION

  R. Mesfun, P. Quezon, A. Geremew, E. Quezon

  International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah (2019). Robel Tewelde Mesfun, Prof. Emer Tucay Quezon, and Anteneh Geremew. (2019). “EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF STABILIZED EXPANSIVE SOIL USING PUMICE MIXED WITH LIME FOR SUBGRADE ROAD CONSTRUCTION.” International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah, 7(7), 118-124. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3355594

  
  

  Abstract

  Unsuitable soil materials along the alignment of road projects have a significant influence on planning, design, construction, and maintenance. Expansive soils are susceptible to considerable volume changes due to seasonal variations and moisture content. Most soils found in Jimma and Ambo Zones composed of plastic clay soil, causing severe damage at the intermittent of pavement sections. This research study conducted laboratory investigation considering combinations of materials blended to stabilize the expansive soil for subgrade construction. An experimental type of study performed started by collecting specimens. Two clayey soil specimens considered to test the free swell index obtained from a depth of 1.5m to remove the organic impurities. Results indicated the chemical analysis of pumice contained 82.68%, while its physical properties of the test of fineness specific surface and residue on 45 microns showed 3770 cm2/gm and 30%, respectively. As the lime content increased, the CBR strength also increased. But, if the percent content of lime decreased with an increasing pumice content, the CBR value did not show any significant increase. Both the chemical and physical properties satisfied the requirements according to ASTM C-618. Hence, this experiment obtained 7% lime + 3% pumice as an optimum mix ratio to stabilize expansive soils.

  Abstract
  Unsuitable soil materials along the alignment of road projects have a significant influence on planning, design, construction, and maintenance. Expansive soils are susceptible [...]

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• Traffic Safety Evaluation on Urban Road Un-signalized Intersection using Proactive Approach: A Case Study in Adama City

  E. Quezon

  Seifeddin Haji, MSc; Prof. Emer T. Quezon, P.Eng; Murad Mohammed, MSc; Biruk Yigezu, MSc. Traffic Safety Evaluation on Urban Road Un-Signalized Intersection using Proactive Approach: A Case Study in Adama City. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Ethiopian Road Safety (RSC2018). Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, August 23-24, 2018

  
  

  Abstract

  Deaths and injuries as a result of road accidents are a recognized global problem and authorities are aware of the consequences this global phenomenon might lead to. Because of the rapid development of urbanization and motorization in developing and transitional countries, like Ethiopia, actions to improve traffic safety conditions are urgently needed. Highway intersections are among the greatest safety challenges because they are some of the most common highway features. Improving the safety level of the urban intersection is an important way to increase safety. Safety evaluations can help to develop effective safety countermeasures to lower crash rates and reduce crash severity. So how to diagnose safety problems and improve urban road intersection safety effectively becomes an important issue. Now, there have been quite a number of safety analysis methods and theories in the city intersection, but these methods and theories are formed on the basis of traffic accidents. However, the data on traffic accidents is not accurate enough, these theories are not appropriate for our country. Also, it is impractical and unethical to wait for accidents to occur before being able to draw statistically sound conclusions regarding safety improvement. Hence there is a need to develop a proactive approach, a non-accident-based approach, to evaluate urban road Unsignalized intersection safety performance. A proactive approach (indirect and non-accident based approach) was attempted to that of traditional reactive approach (direct and accident based approach) which is purely based on the existing conditions that have direct relationships or impacts to traffic safety such as the geometric, traffic control & engineering, road Surface and environment characteristics. The non-accident-based approach is based on field surveys under the conditions mentioned previously, summarizes the intersection safety diagnosis in a safety index to indicate the safety performance of the intersection. The study indicates that the proposed methodology and intersection safety diagnosis technique can be used to perform an evaluation of traffic safety and improvement at an intersection even when there are few resources available. Also, the use of intersection safety diagnosis is a more resource-efficient and ethically appealing alternative for fast, reliable, and effective safety assessment.

  Abstract
  Deaths and injuries as a result of road accidents are a recognized global problem and authorities are aware of the consequences this global phenomenon might lead to. Because [...]

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• Effects of Varying Dosage Replacement of Cement Content by Animal Bone Powder in Normal Concrete Mix Production

  A. W/amanuel, E. Quezon, M. Busier

  American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture (2018). Abrham Hawaz W/amanuel, Emer Tucay Quezon, and Mamuye Busier, “Effects of Varying Dosage Replacement of Cement Content by Animal Bone Powder in Normal Concrete Mix Production.” American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, vol. 6, no. 4 (2018): 133-139. doi: 10.12691/ajcea-6-4-1.

  
  

  Abstract

  Cement being the main constituent of concrete plays a vital role in concrete production. In Ethiopia, cement consumption has grown well with a growth rate of about 16.1% per year. Hence, an alternative material to partially replace cement was initiated to reflect the needs of the local community in the study area. The waste quantity of animal bones has impacted the environment which is unusual to see in other Non-African countries. The primary aim of the research is to investigate the effects of varying dosage replacement of cement by animal bone powder (ABP) in normal concrete production. The bone samples collected from the Seka Waste Disposal Site of Jimma town, approximately 10km from the bus station where a quantity of waste animal bones can be found. After cleaning and drying, the bone samples burned in the Furnace. The average required energy to burn the animal bone obtained at a temperature of 340°C. The burnt bone was allowed to cool before grinding in a hammer mill and sieving. There were six proportions prepared to start from 0% (as control specimen), 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% dosage increment by weight of bone powder, and evaluated the normal concrete strengths of C-25 grade concrete. The laboratory test results indicated the chemical analyses of a bone powder composed of similar compounds of oxide in cement but slightly lesser in content based on ASTM C-150. Likewise, the effects of replacing animal bone on the properties of cement such as consistency and setting time remained within the acceptable limits of the Standard Specifications. On the other hand, the results of compressive, flexural tensile, and split tensile strengths significantly declined from the control specimen during the dosage increment of the replacement made. Therefore, the optimum dosage of the bone powder indicated 10% by weight to replace cement content in normal concrete mix production.

  Abstract
  Cement being the main constituent of concrete plays a vital role in concrete production. In Ethiopia, cement consumption has grown well with a growth rate of about 16.1% per [...]

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• Suitability of Ambo Sandstone Fine Aggregate as an Alternative River Sand Replacement in Normal Concrete Production

  W. Ararsa, E. Quezon, A. Aboneh

  American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture (2018). Woyesa Ararsa, Emer Tucay Quezon, and Abraham Aboneh, “Suitability of Ambo Sandstone Fine Aggregate as an Alternative River Sand Replacement in Normal Concrete Production.” American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, vol. 6, no. 4 (2018): 140-146. doi: 10.12691/ajcea-6-4-2.

  
  

  Abstract

  Technical experts in construction industries are trying to improve the quality, ease of using materials in different forms, and increasing structure performance. However, in the changing cost of each item, quality of works could be sacrificed. In Ethiopia, the practice of using alternative ingredients to produce materials was observed weak in some scenarios. It was because ignoring the right procedures to perform the required material requirements for construction materials. It is known that Ambo area has a scarcity of natural sand or rivers sand which can be extracted from the river bed. Notably, if available, the quality is not good due to the presence of silt and clay. Once it used, it adversely affects the structural integrity of concrete structures. The primary objective of the research is to evaluate the suitability of Ambo Sandstone Fine Aggregate (ASFA) as an alternative replacement of river sand in normal concrete production. Samples extracted from Senkele and Aleltu quarry sites of Ambo Area. Results showed that fine aggregates from Senkele quarry site indicated 14.28% silt content, while from the Aleltu quarry site indicated 12.28% silt content, all of which exceeded 6% based on Ethiopian Standard Specification. It means the samples must be rejected or appropriately washed before use as a part of a concrete mix. After performing the procedure to remove silt content, it found out that the silt content reduced to 5.3%, less than the allowable maximum of 6%. Hence, Ambo Sandstone Fine Aggregates (ASFA) are suitable for concrete mix production and strength determination. There were nine samples of concrete cubes prepared and tested at 7th, 14th, and 28th days for concrete compressive strength with a mix ratio of 1:2:3 and water to cement ratio of 0.50. Based on the laboratory test results with full replacement of river sand by Ambo Sandstone Fine Aggregate (ASFA), the mean compressive strengths at 7th day was 16.61 MPa, while at the 14th day was 19.62MPa, and at 28th day was 25.59 MPa. It means at 28th day; it satisfied the minimum requirement for C-25 grade concrete. Likewise, the cost of production of the fine aggregate of the Ambo Sandstone quarry site is 140 ETB per cubic meter, while the price of river sand from Legeher Market is 300 ETB-400 ETB per cubic meter. Therefore, Ambo Sandstone Fine Aggregate (ASFA) is cheaper than the river sand. However, it must be given emphasis that the Ambo Sandstone Fine Aggregates must wash thoroughly before use in construction projects.

  Abstract
  Technical experts in construction industries are trying to improve the quality, ease of using materials in different forms, and increasing structure performance. However, [...]

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• Factors Affecting the Performance in the Implementation of Government Building Construction Projects: A Case Study in Bole SubCity of Addis Ababa

  S. Molla, E. Quezon, E. Mekonnen, W. Ararsa

  Xi'an Dianzi Keji Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Xidian University (2020). Serkalem Molla, Emer T. Quezon, Eyob Mekonnen, Woyesa Ararsa, Dumesa Gudissa and Anteneh Tibebu. Factors Affecting the Performance in the Implementation of Government Building Construction Projects: A Case Study in Bole Sub- City of Addis Ababa. Xi'an Dianzi Keji Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Xidian University. 2020; 14(11): 247- 256. https://doi.org/10.37896/jxu14.11/020

  
  

  Abstract

  Building project implementation has so many issues and complex performance, such as time, cost, quality, and safety. This study identified and assessed the essential factors influencing the implementation of public building projects, particularly in the Bole Sub-city of Addis Ababa. There were 46 factors identified, validated, and divided into 9 categories. Questionnaires are distributed to 120 respondents, of which 8 for owners, 25 for consultants, 86 for contractors, and one head of the office. The key factors decided upon were: liquidity of the organization, improved availability of commodity prices for people with high experience and expertise, and the quality of equipment and raw materials in the project. The agreement between the parties on the ranking of factors was calculated based on their Relative Importance Index. Besides, the value of the Cronbach’s Alpha for variables calculated above 0.7, which means the data and scale are reliable and accepted for further analysis to correlate the different groups of factors. Results showed that cost, time, quality, productivity, and customer satisfaction are the top five essential factors affecting the performance of the government public building in the study area.

  Abstract
  Building project implementation has so many issues and complex performance, such as time, cost, quality, and safety. This study identified and assessed the essential factors [...]

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• Experimental Study on the Use of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement as Base Course Materials through Blending with Crushed Stone Aggregates

  E. Quezon

  World Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (2018). Yomiyu Reta, Prof. Emer Tucay Quezon and Tarekegn Kumela. Experimental Study on the Use of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement as Base Course Materials through Blending with Crushed Stone Aggregates. World Journal of Engineering Research and Technology. 2018; 4(2): 126-167

  
  

  Abstract

  Overlay and maintenance resolve medium distress, but reconstruction may feasible and economical while Asphalt pavement are badly deteriorated with time and traffic. This requires the removal of existing pavement surfaces. Recycling such construction waste has benefited from economic to sustainability point of view and reduce the exploitation of natural resources. The shortage of virgin aggregate supplies along with the increase in processing and hauling cost have encouraged the use of reclaimed material from the old structure as base course construction materials, and involved in regular practice in various countries around the world. Unfortunately, using Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) is to take off in Ethiopia despite the current ambitions of road building program ongoing. However, RAP material may be not conventional road making materials and need for improvement. This study was aimed to investigation the Engineering properties effect of using RAPs and CSA in their natural state by conducting common laboratory tests in first phase, and Second phase of the study was intended to analysis the strength and interpret the optimum allowable percentage as partial replacement of CSA blended with 10/90, 20/80, 30/70, 40/60, 50/50 proportions by total weights from the two quarries site in Jimma town for RAP as compared results with specification for highly trafficked road (GB1) materials. According to the AASHTO soil classification system the natural and blends of RAP-CSA were classified under A-1-a. The mechanical and physical properties test results for neat natural blended Jimma-Sokoru with Jimma-Agaro roads RAP aggregate gives ACV, AIV, LAA, SG, CBR and Water absorption of 7.9%, 9.5%, 7.8%, 2.31, 42.1% and 0.98% respectively. Also the mechanical blending of 30% RAP aggregate and 70% CSA test results were 15.7%, 12.8%, 16.5%, 107.63%, 2.67 and 1.24% for ACV, AIV, LAA, CBR, SG, Water absorption values respectively with 143KN and 114KN when soaked and unsoaked in water for TFV results. The results obtained from Gradation, Atterberg’s limits, SG and water absorption ACV, AIV, LAA, Compaction and CBR results indicate that Mixes containing 30% RAP contents were successful replaced CSA in highly trafficked unbound road base course layer of Asphalt concretes.

  Abstract
  Overlay and maintenance resolve medium distress, but reconstruction may feasible and economical while Asphalt pavement are badly deteriorated with time and traffic. This requires [...]

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• Evaluation on the Potential Use of Pulverized Natural Subbase Dust as Alternative Filler Material for Hot Mix Asphalt Design, Jimma Town

  B. Yohannes, E. Quezon, M. Tsegaye

  American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture (2020). Bereket Yohannes, Emer T. Quezon, and Markos Tsegaye, “Evaluation on the Potential Use of Pulverized Natural Subbase Dust as Alternative Filler Material for Hot Mix Asphalt Design, Jimma Town.” American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, vol. 8, no. 2 (2020): 62-77. doi: 10.12691/ajcea-8-2-6.

  
  

  Abstract

  A well-designed asphalt mixture is expected to serve effectively for many years under a variety of loading and environmental conditions. Bituminous concrete is one of the highest and costliest types of flexible pavement. One of the main problems in the construction of asphalt paving mixture is obtaining a sufficient amount of filler material and the high cost of the use of ordinary Portland cement, hydrated lime, or marble dust as filler material. Asphalt Institution restricted the use of a maximum limit of 2% proportion to improve the aggregates adhesion properties only, which is not sufficient quantity to achieve the grading requirements. To alleviate this problem, it is important to come across alternative filler material that can be used in more quantity. The study has investigated the potential use of natural subbase dust (MSD)as alternative filler material, and their characteristic on the effect of hot asphalt mixture was identified. This research was conducted by using Experimental Research Design. In total, 48 samples were prepared according to ASTM D1559, of which 15 of them used to calculate the OBC and the rest to find out the effects of adding different percentages of NSD to the asphalt mixture. For this purpose, five different bitumen contents were used (4%−6% with 0.5% increments). Aggregate mixtures blended without filler and with NSD filler were investigated to evaluate their Marshall properties on HMA mixtures. Four varying percentages of NSD ranging from (2% - 8% at 2% increments) were used for Marshall experiments. And for the control mix, 2% hydrated lime (HL) and 2% ordinary Portland cement used in the mixture besides, 4% Marble Dust was used as a reference. The aggregates were blended by using the Job mix formula to obtain the percentage of material proportion. As a result for aggregates blended without filler G-1 (26%), G-2 (23%), and G-3 (51%) proportion were used whereas for aggregates blended with NSD filler, G-1 (26%), G-2 (22%), G-3 (46%) and G-4 (6%) was utilized. Where G-1 is Coarse Aggregate 3/4, G-2 is Intermediate Aggregate 3/8, G-3 is Fine Aggregate, and G-4 is NSD filler. Based on Marshall's test results, the OBC was found 5.1% by the total asphalt mix. Furthermore, examining Marshall mixes containing different percentages of filler showed the optimum percentage of NSD was 6%. The Marshall properties of the experiments at 6% NDS filler resulted in high stability, low flow, lower VFB, low VMA & lower air voids that are consistent with the standard specifications. The investigation of NSD filler has resulted in good effects on the Marshall properties of the asphalt mixture. Furthermore, the outcome of Marshall parameters like stability, air voids, and bulk density values was consistent with the standard specifications. Therefore, NSD filler can potentially be used as an alternative filler material in HMA with optimum filler content of 6%. Besides, it is recommended to exercise the use of NSD as filler material in HMA projects in order to ensure the quality of works, save transportation costs and save time spend importing other filler materials from far away. It is also recommended combining NSD filler with other materials may produce a better outcome on the effects on the asphalt mix properties.

  Abstract
  A well-designed asphalt mixture is expected to serve effectively for many years under a variety of loading and environmental conditions. Bituminous concrete is one of the [...]

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