Structural Typificaton of Heritage Builings Using Modern Technologies for Digital Management and Visualization: Preliminary Applications in Southern Peru

Abstract

Structural typologies represent a group of buildings with similar geometrical configuration and seismic performance. These typologies are normally used in the preliminary stages of structural assessment of building stocks since they provide an overview of quick results which guide subsequent studies of cases that resemble the types. This article provides a methodology of structural typification using modern technologies for digitalization and visualization of information based on the study of a representative sample of 22 churches located in the South Andean zone of Peru and considered as part of Peru’s Cultural Heritage. For each church, the information has been acquired and digitally modeled through the integration of reverse engineering methods and Heritage Building Information Modelling (HBIM). Furthermore, in order to improve the visualization and interaction experience, a mobile application using Augmented Reality was developed. The use of these modern techniques allowed the management of the information, which enhanced the comprehension of the churches and thus enabled its further structural analyses. As a result, it has been identified 11 structural typologies of Andean churches, based on the material of its load bearing system, their architectural form and some geometrical particularities of its structural elements.

Full document

References

[1] Rusell, A. Characterization and seismic assessment of unreinforced masonry buildings. PhD thesis, University of Auckland: Auckland, New Zealand (2010).

[2] ICOMOS. Recommendations for the analysis, conservation and structural restoration of architectural heritage. Paris International Council on Monuments and Sites (2001).

[3] NIKER (New Integrated Knowledge Based Approaches to the Protection of Cultural heritage from Earthquake-induced Risk). Deliverable 3.1: Inventory of earthquake-induced failure mechanisms related to construction types, structural elements and materials. Università di Padova - European Commission (2010).

[4] ICOMOS. Principles for the analysis, conservation and structural restoration of architectural heritage. Paris International Council on Monuments and Sites (2001).

[5] Augusti, G., Ciampoli, M. and Giovenale, P. Seismic vulnerability of monumental buildings. Structural Safety, 23 (2001), 3: pp. 253–274.

[6] López, F., Lerones, P., Llamas, J., Gómez-García-Bermejo J. and Zalama E. A review of heritage building information modeling (H-BIM). Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, 2 (2018), 2: pp. 21.

[7] Murphy, M., McGovern, E. and Pavia, S. Historic building information modelling - Adding intelligence to laser and image based surveys of European classical architecture. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 76 (2013), pp. 89–102.

[8] Pocobelli, D. P., Boehm, J., Bryan, P., Still, J. and Grau-Bové J. BIM for heritage science: a review. Heritage Science, 6 (2018), 1: pp. 30.

[9] Yastikli, N. Documentation of cultural heritage using digital photogrammetry and laser scanning. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 8 (2007), 4: pp. 423–427.

[10] Logothetis, S., Delinasiou, A. and Stylianidis E. Building information modelling for cultural heritage: a review. In: ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences: 25th International CIPA Symposium, Taipei (2015).

[11] Van Krevelen, D. W. F. and Poelman, R. A survey of augmented reality technologies, applications and limitations. Int. Journal of virtual Reality, 9 (2010) 2: pp. 1–20.

[12] Linowes, J. and Babilinski, K. Augmented Reality for Developers: Build practical augmented reality applications with Unity, ARCore, ARKit, and Vuforia. Packt Publishing (2017).

[13] Amin, D. and Govilkar, S. Comparative study of augmented reality SDKs. Int. Journal on Computational Sciences & Applications, 5 (2015), 1: pp. 11–26.

[14] Chara, O. Arquitectura religiosa española en la ciudad del Cusco en los siglos XVI-XVII (‘Spanish religious architecture in the city of Cusco in the 16th-17th centuries’). Cabildo Insular de Fuerteventura Vol II. (1992), 5: pp. 367–388.

[15] Chara, O. and Caparó, V. Iglesias del Cusco : historia y arquitectura (‘Churches of Cusco: history and architecture’). Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco (1998).

[16] Cosme, C. La influencia hispano árabe en la arquitectura peruana (‘The Hispanic-Arabic influence on Peruvian architecture’). Revista de Arquitectura, 3 (2016), 1: pp. 99–118.

[17] Municipalidad del Cusco. Cusco y la herencia del barroco andino (‘Cusco and the Andean Baroque heritage’). Cusco (2013).

[18] Segre, R. América Latina en su arquitectura (‘Latin America in its architecture’). Siglo XXI editores (1996).

[19] Kubiak, E. La iglesia de los Jesuitas en Cusco como un modelo para la arquitectura de la región (‘The church of the Jesuits in Cusco as a model for the architecture of the region’). Latin American Art, 2 (2012), pp: 35-66.

[20] Marques, R., Ivancic, S., Briceño, C., Aguilar, R., Perucchio, R. and Vargas, J. Study on the seismic behaviour of St. Peter the Apostle Church of Andahuaylillas in Cusco, Peru. In: Proc of the SAHC 2010: 7th International Conference on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions, Mexico (2014), pp: 14-17.

[21] Aguilar, R., Noel, M. F. and Ramos, L. Integration of reverse engineering and non-linear numerical analysis for the seismic assessment of historical adobe buildings. Automation in Construction, 98 (2019), pp: 1-15.

[22] Unity 2019. Unity Technologies user’s Manual, release 2019.2.13f1. United States.