Latest revision as of 06:27, 27 October 2023

Abstract

Obesity is a complex chronic disease with multiple causal factors, including genetic, social and lifestyle factors. It is characterized by increased fat deposits due to an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, resulting in weight gain. This imbalance is the cause of obesity. Obesity has health consequences, including an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease and several types of cancer. In addition, obesity carries social stigmatization and, in some societies, is associated with lower occupational income, especially in women. The direct and indirect costs of obesity exert significant pressure on health care systems and require urgent action based on scientific evidence for prevention and control. From an economic perspective, obesity is estimated to have a high cost. In 2008, it was estimated that the annual cost in direct medical care for the public health system, derived from complications associated with obesity, amounted to 42 billion pesos. In addition, an indirect cost due to lost productivity was estimated at 25 billion pesos in the same year. In total, the direct and indirect costs of obesity in 2008 stood at 67 billion pesos. By 2017, direct costs are projected to range between 78 billion and 101 billion pesos, and indirect costs between 73 billion and 101 billion pesos, if current government measures do not generate a significant impact. Within the summary,

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