Latest revision as of 11:27, 16 February 2021

Abstract

Introduction The International Maritime Organization and the European Parliament (EP) have stated that ships must lower sulphur emissions significantly in a specific region in Northern Europe, that is, in the Sulphur Emission Control Area (SECA), where sulphur content in bunkers is not allowed to exceed 0.1 percent. The Nordic companies have been examined somewhat marginally from the point of view of the SECA-directive, and how it will affect the cost-efficiency of the industry.

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• http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12544-015-0158-4 under the license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by

• http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12544-015-0158-4 under the license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

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• http://juuli.fi/Record/0006590915,

http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s1254401501584 under the license cc-by

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https://academic.microsoft.com/#/detail/2160121353 under the license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

DOIS: 10.1007/s12544-015-0158-4 10.1007/s1254401501584