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This paper presents new estimates of country-specific international transport costs for 21 OECD countries over the period 1973-2005. The methodology is based on direct measures of air, maritime, and road transport costs rather than on cif/fob ratios or other balance of payments data employed in previous studies. Transport costs are calculated as costs per kilogramme for each mode of transport at a bilateral level and then aggregated. Australia and New Zealand are found to have the highest transport costs among the OECD countries considered, followed by Japan. The time trends are sensitive to the choice of deflator, but the results do not show an overall downward trend in transport costs for OECD countries, contrary to conventional wisdom, but consistent with Hummels’ (2007) recent study of global transport costs. Les mesures internationales des couts de transport pour les pays OCDE Ce document presente des nouvelles estimations de couts de transport internationaux par pays, pour 21 membres de l’OCDE pendant la periode 1973-2005. La methode repose sur des mesures directes des couts de transport par voies maritime, aerienne et routiere, plutot que sur des ratios cif/fob ou d’autres donnees issues de la balance des paiements employes dans des etudes precedentes. Les resultats indiquent que l’Australie et la Nouvelle Zelande ont les couts de transport les plus eleves parmi les pays de l’OCDE consideres, suivi par le Japon. Les tendances dans le temps sont sensibles au choix du deflateur, mais il n’apparait pas de tendance globale a la baisse des couts de transports pour les pays de l’OCDE, contrairement aux idees recues, mais en accord avec l’etude recente de Hummels (2007) sur les couts de transport au niveau mondial.
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Published on 01/01/2008
Volume 2008, 2008
DOI: 10.1787/241707325051
Licence: CC BY-NC-SA license
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