Latest revision as of 15:25, 21 January 2021

Abstract

Pipelines are subjected to a number of different sources of stress. The principal in-service stress component is due to line pressure, with operating stresses commonly about 60% of the yield strength. Pipelines may also be subjected to considerable bending stresses, particularly when constructed on unstable terrain such as permafrost. Residual stresses may also be present, generally resulting from processing or welding, but more seriously as a consequence of mechanical damage. Anomalously high stress levels, whether residual or applied, may lead to pipeline failure; as a result serious efforts are being made to develop on-line stress detection methods. It is well established that stress is a major factor affecting magnetic properties of ferromagnetic materials, however the effects are complex and have only recently begun to be understood [1,2]. Because of the strong influence of stress on magnetic properties, magnetic NDE techniques are being considered as potential methods for the detection of stress.

Original document

The different versions of the original document can be found in:

• https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2278&context=qnde

• http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-1-4684-5772-8_240,

http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5772-8_240

• https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/qnde/1990/allcontent/240,

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-1-4684-5772-8_240,

https://core.ac.uk/display/38893921,

http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2278&context=qnde,

https://academic.microsoft.com/#/detail/596851603