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==1 Title, abstract and keywords<!-- Your document should start with a concise and informative title. Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible. Capitalize the first word of the title.
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==Abstract==
  
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Corrosion can affect bond between reinforcing bars and concrete and with it the transfer of longitudinal stresses between both materials. Loss of bond is normally characterized by brittle behaviour thus it should be analysed within the framework of the assessment of damaged structures in order to avoid it. Factors that affect bond strength include the weakening of the steel bar confinement due to cracking of the concrete cover and/or stirrup corrosion, development of corrosion products at the interface, and, in the case of ribbed bars, reduction of the relative rib area due to cross-section loss in the steel. A number of experimental studies have been conducted in recent years on bond failure, the findings have diverged rather widely, however, due primarily to differing test conditions.
  
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An abstract is required for every document; it should succinctly summarize the reason for the work, the main findings, and the conclusions of the study. Abstract is often presented separately from the article, so it must be able to stand alone. For this reason, references and hyperlinks should be avoided. If references are essential, then cite the author(s) and year(s). Also, non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself. -->==
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In an attempt to surmount the inconsistencies in bond prediction with corroded steel bars, eccentric pull-out tests were carried out with specimens subjected to both accelerated and natural corrosion [1]. In this study a semi-empirical formulation accounting for both pull-out and splitting failures is proposed to assess bond of corroded and non-corroded steel bars. This formulation is obtained by means of multiple linear regression analysis of a database of more than 650 tests of corroded and non-corroded bond tests, including the tests performed in [1]. The database used includes a wide range of influencing variables regarding to bond, such as bar diameter, concrete strength, concrete cover, anchorage length, confinement ratio and cross-section loss due to corrosion. Several statistical criteria have been used to analyse the proposed formulation and the influence of the explanatory variables. Also a comparison with several formulations found in literature, including the proposal of Fib Model Code 2010 for corroded bars is performed. The proposed formulation could be used in the structural assessment of corroded reinforced concrete beams.
  
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==Resumen==
  
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La corrosión puede afectar la adherencia entre las armaduras y el hormigón y con ella la transferencia de las tensiones longitudinales entre ambos materiales. La pérdida de adherencia suele presentar un comportamiento frágil por lo que debe ser analizado en el marco de las estructuras deterioradas con el fin de evitar que se produzca. Los factores que afectan a la adherencia incluyen el debilitamiento del confinamiento debido a la fisuración del recubrimiento de hormigón y/o la corrosión de los cercos, desarrollo de los productos de corrosión en la interfaz y en el caso de las armaduras corrugadas, la reducción de área proyectada de las corrugas debido a la pérdida de sección del acero.
  
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En los últimos años se han realizado algunos estudios experimentales sobre los fallos de adherencia con armaduras corroídas, los resultados obtenidos han presentado gran disparidad, debido fundamentalmente a las diferentes condiciones experimentales.
  
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En un intento de superar las inconsistencias en la predicción de la adherencia con armaduras corroídas, se han llevado a cabo ensayos de tipo pull-out excéntrico con probetas sometidas a corrosión acelerada y corrosión natural [1]. En este trabajo se propone una formulación semi-empírica para la evaluación conjunta de la adherencia de armaduras corroídas y sanas que incorpora tanto los fallos de adherencia por pull-out como de splitting. La formulación se ha obtenido mediante un análisis de regresión múltiple de más de 650 ensayos de adherencia con armaduras sanas y corroídas incluyendo los ensayos realizados en [1]. La base de datos incluye una gran variedad de variables influyentes en la adherencia, tales como el diámetro de la armadura, resistencia del hormigón, recubrimiento, longitud de anclaje, ratio de confinamiento por armadura transversal y pérdida de sección por corrosión. Distintos criterios estadísticos se han utilizado para analizar la formulación propuesta y la influencia de las variables explicativas. También se ha realizado una comparación con distintas formulaciones disponibles en la literatura, incluyendo la propuesta en el Fib Model Code 2010 para la adherencia de armaduras corroídas. La formulación propuesta en este trabajo se puede emplear para la evaluación estructural de vigas de hormigón armado con armaduras corroídas.
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Latest revision as of 15:32, 28 May 2020

Abstract

Corrosion can affect bond between reinforcing bars and concrete and with it the transfer of longitudinal stresses between both materials. Loss of bond is normally characterized by brittle behaviour thus it should be analysed within the framework of the assessment of damaged structures in order to avoid it. Factors that affect bond strength include the weakening of the steel bar confinement due to cracking of the concrete cover and/or stirrup corrosion, development of corrosion products at the interface, and, in the case of ribbed bars, reduction of the relative rib area due to cross-section loss in the steel. A number of experimental studies have been conducted in recent years on bond failure, the findings have diverged rather widely, however, due primarily to differing test conditions.

In an attempt to surmount the inconsistencies in bond prediction with corroded steel bars, eccentric pull-out tests were carried out with specimens subjected to both accelerated and natural corrosion [1]. In this study a semi-empirical formulation accounting for both pull-out and splitting failures is proposed to assess bond of corroded and non-corroded steel bars. This formulation is obtained by means of multiple linear regression analysis of a database of more than 650 tests of corroded and non-corroded bond tests, including the tests performed in [1]. The database used includes a wide range of influencing variables regarding to bond, such as bar diameter, concrete strength, concrete cover, anchorage length, confinement ratio and cross-section loss due to corrosion. Several statistical criteria have been used to analyse the proposed formulation and the influence of the explanatory variables. Also a comparison with several formulations found in literature, including the proposal of Fib Model Code 2010 for corroded bars is performed. The proposed formulation could be used in the structural assessment of corroded reinforced concrete beams.

Resumen

La corrosión puede afectar la adherencia entre las armaduras y el hormigón y con ella la transferencia de las tensiones longitudinales entre ambos materiales. La pérdida de adherencia suele presentar un comportamiento frágil por lo que debe ser analizado en el marco de las estructuras deterioradas con el fin de evitar que se produzca. Los factores que afectan a la adherencia incluyen el debilitamiento del confinamiento debido a la fisuración del recubrimiento de hormigón y/o la corrosión de los cercos, desarrollo de los productos de corrosión en la interfaz y en el caso de las armaduras corrugadas, la reducción de área proyectada de las corrugas debido a la pérdida de sección del acero.

En los últimos años se han realizado algunos estudios experimentales sobre los fallos de adherencia con armaduras corroídas, los resultados obtenidos han presentado gran disparidad, debido fundamentalmente a las diferentes condiciones experimentales.

En un intento de superar las inconsistencias en la predicción de la adherencia con armaduras corroídas, se han llevado a cabo ensayos de tipo pull-out excéntrico con probetas sometidas a corrosión acelerada y corrosión natural [1]. En este trabajo se propone una formulación semi-empírica para la evaluación conjunta de la adherencia de armaduras corroídas y sanas que incorpora tanto los fallos de adherencia por pull-out como de splitting. La formulación se ha obtenido mediante un análisis de regresión múltiple de más de 650 ensayos de adherencia con armaduras sanas y corroídas incluyendo los ensayos realizados en [1]. La base de datos incluye una gran variedad de variables influyentes en la adherencia, tales como el diámetro de la armadura, resistencia del hormigón, recubrimiento, longitud de anclaje, ratio de confinamiento por armadura transversal y pérdida de sección por corrosión. Distintos criterios estadísticos se han utilizado para analizar la formulación propuesta y la influencia de las variables explicativas. También se ha realizado una comparación con distintas formulaciones disponibles en la literatura, incluyendo la propuesta en el Fib Model Code 2010 para la adherencia de armaduras corroídas. La formulación propuesta en este trabajo se puede emplear para la evaluación estructural de vigas de hormigón armado con armaduras corroídas.

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Published on 01/01/2014

DOI: 10.2749/222137814814027981
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