== Abstract ==

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Developments in smart and automated driving raise questions about the future requirements of infrastructure. It<br> is highly likely that advances in transport will require close to real-time information on the condition of roads.<br> The recent, speedy development of sensors may lead to the development of Smart Roads and in so doing,<br> provide the necessary real-time data. It is within this context that passive RFID sensors were tested in a series of<br> experiments to ascertain their suitability to measure asphalt concrete mix temperature during construction and<br> afterwards during the life of the pavement.<br> Laboratory tests focused on the proper placement of the sensor in the asphalt concrete layer and<br> studying the latter’s influence on the sensor. Field experiments focused on the suitability to measure temperature,<br> traceability, robustness, and accuracy of the technology. The results show that reliable temperature measuring<br> with passive RFID tags is possible. The sensors are robust, portable, accurate and can be integrated into existing<br> measuring regimes such as determining asphalt concrete cooling rates during construction. While the cost of<br> passive RFID sensors is relatively low, the major disadvantage is that they cannot be read automatically, which<br> is crucial if the information is to be used to follow temperature developments over time or even provide asphalt<br> concrete temperature information to vehicles in order to warn for extreme road conditions. Ongoing experiments<br> with fiber optic sensors indicate that there may be other ways to measure temperature and possibly combine this<br> with performance indicators such as strain.

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== Original document ==

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The different versions of the original document can be found in:

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* [https://zenodo.org/record/1485038 https://zenodo.org/record/1485038] under the license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode

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* [https://zenodo.org/record/1485038 https://zenodo.org/record/1485038],

: [http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1485037 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1485037] under the license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode

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* [https://zenodo.org/record/1485038 https://zenodo.org/record/1485038],

: [http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1485038 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1485038] under the license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode

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DOIS: 10.5281/zenodo.1485038 10.5281/zenodo.1485037

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